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Microbial Action in Wastewater and Sludge
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Microbial Action in Wastewater and Sludge

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Wastewater Treatment and Reuse".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2020) | Viewed by 32502

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Agnieszka Mrozik

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland
Interests: activated sludge and leachate; microbial degradation of toxic pollutants; diversity of microorganisms; bioremediation; biomonitoring; nanotechnology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Zofia Piotrowska-Seget

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Microbiology, University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
Interests: microbial metabolism and diversity; degradation of toxic compounds; bioremediation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We welcome you to contribute to the Special Issue “Microbial Action in Wastewater and Sludge” with original articles and reviews addressing recent knowledge on: microbial removal and transformation of phosphorus and nitrogen, impact of toxic compounds (e.g., drugs, heavy metals, aromatic hydrocarbons, endocrine disrupting compounds) on biological activity of sewage sludge microbiome, and participation of microorganisms in degradation/transformation of contaminants. In connection with the above, changes in the functional capacity and genetic diversity of living microorganisms, their enzymatic activity, as well as new strategies that are designed to protect the structure and activity of the activated sludge microbial communities against xenobiotics will also be accepted. Articles on the use of microbial inocula with specific metabolic potential towards increasing the efficiency of contaminants removal during wastewater treatment and new bioremediation technology including nanotechnology will be expected.

Prof. Dr. Agnieszka Mrozik
Prof. Dr. Zofia Piotrowska-Seget
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dynamics and diversity of microbial populations
  • enzymatic activity
  • ecotoxicity of wastewater
  • degradation/transformation of toxic compounds
  • removal of nutrients
  • interactions between microorganisms in sewage and activated sludge
  • nanotechnology in wastewater treatment

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Published Papers (6 papers)

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Editorial

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4 pages, 183 KiB  
Editorial
Microbial Action in Wastewater and Sludge
by Agnieszka Mrozik
Water 2021, 13(6), 846; https://doi.org/10.3390/w13060846 - 19 Mar 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2126
Abstract
The global upsurge in urbanization and industrialization is inextricably associated with a systematic increase in the amount of municipal and industrial wastewater, and solid waste [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Action in Wastewater and Sludge)

Research

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22 pages, 3147 KiB  
Article
Effects of Low Concentration of Selected Analgesics and Successive Bioaugmentation of the Activated Sludge on Its Activity and Metabolic Diversity
by Joanna Żur, Justyna Michalska, Artur Piński, Agnieszka Mrozik and Agnieszka Nowak
Water 2020, 12(4), 1133; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12041133 - 16 Apr 2020
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 3877
Abstract
In this study, we evaluated the impact of the successive bioaugmentation of the activated sludge (AS) with the defined bacterial consortium on the activity and functional capacity of the AS microorganisms. In parallel, the removal of low concentrations of the selected non-steroidal anti-inflammatory [...] Read more.
In this study, we evaluated the impact of the successive bioaugmentation of the activated sludge (AS) with the defined bacterial consortium on the activity and functional capacity of the AS microorganisms. In parallel, the removal of low concentrations of the selected non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (ibuprofen, naproxen, diclofenac) and analgesic paracetamol was studied. We found that the addition of the bacterial consortium consisting of three pharmaceuticals-degrading strains Bacillus thuringiensis B1 (2015b), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia KB2, and Pseudomonas moorei KB4 into the AS did not cause any significant changes in the biomass abundance and metabolic activity of the AS microorganisms. Although, the successive bioaugmentation of the AS caused a slight increase in the metabolic diversity, the intensity of carbohydrates usage, and metabolic richness. Microorganisms in the bioaugmented and non-bioaugmented AS were able to degrade the mixture of the analyzed drugs with similar efficiency, however, diclofenac was removed more effectively in the bioaugmented AS. Several metabolites were identified and efficiently utilized, with the exception of 4-OH diclofenac. Two new diclofenac-degrading strains assigned as Serratia proteamaculans AS4 and Rahnella bruchi AS7 were isolated from the diclofenac-treated AS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Action in Wastewater and Sludge)
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21 pages, 7585 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Bioaugmentation Potential of Pseudomonas putida OR45a and Pseudomonas putida KB3 in the Sequencing Batch Reactors Fed with the Phenolic Landfill Leachate
by Justyna Michalska, Artur Piński, Joanna Żur and Agnieszka Mrozik
Water 2020, 12(3), 906; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12030906 - 23 Mar 2020
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 4492
Abstract
The treatment of landfill leachate could be challenging for the biological wastewater treatment systems due to its high toxicity and the presence of poorly biodegradable contaminants. In this study, the bioaugmentation technology was successfully applied in sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) fed with the [...] Read more.
The treatment of landfill leachate could be challenging for the biological wastewater treatment systems due to its high toxicity and the presence of poorly biodegradable contaminants. In this study, the bioaugmentation technology was successfully applied in sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) fed with the phenolic landfill leachate by inoculation of the activated sludge (AS) with two phenol-degrading Pseudomonas putida OR45a and Pseudomonas putida KB3 strains. According to the results, the SBRs bioaugmented with Pseudomonas strains withstood the increasing concentrations of the leachate. This resulted in the higher removal efficiency of the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 79–86%, ammonia nitrogen of 87–88% and phenolic compounds of 85–96% as compared to 45%, 64%, and 50% for the noninoculated SBR. Simultaneously, the bioaugmentation of the AS allowed to maintain the high enzymatic activity of dehydrogenases, nonspecific esterases, and catalase in this ecosystem, which contributed to the higher functional capacity of indigenous microorganisms than in the noninoculated AS. Herein, the stress level experienced by the microorganisms in the SBRs fed with the leachate computed based on the cellular ATP measurements showed that the abundance of exogenous Pseudomonas strains in the bioreactors contributed to the reduction in effluent toxicity, which was reflected by a decrease in the stress biomass index to 32–45% as compared to the nonbioaugmented AS (76%). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Action in Wastewater and Sludge)
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16 pages, 1096 KiB  
Article
Mycoremediation of Old and Intermediate Landfill Leachates with an Ascomycete Fungal Isolate, Lambertella sp.
by Giovanna Siracusa, Qiuyan Yuan, Ilaria Chicca, Alessandra Bardi, Francesco Spennati, Simone Becarelli, David Bernard Levin, Giulio Munz, Giulio Petroni and Simona Di Gregorio
Water 2020, 12(3), 800; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12030800 - 13 Mar 2020
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 4894
Abstract
In the present study, an Ascomycete fungal strain, Lambertella sp., isolated from environmental polluted matrices, was tested for the capacity to reduce the contamination and the toxicity of intermediate and old landfill leachates. Batch tests in flasks, under co-metabolic conditions, were performed with [...] Read more.
In the present study, an Ascomycete fungal strain, Lambertella sp., isolated from environmental polluted matrices, was tested for the capacity to reduce the contamination and the toxicity of intermediate and old landfill leachates. Batch tests in flasks, under co-metabolic conditions, were performed with two different old leachates, with suspended and immobilized Lambertella sp. biomass, resulting in a soluble chemical oxygen demand depletion of 70% and 45%, after 13 and 30 days, respectively. An intermediate landfill leachate was treated in lab-scale reactors operating in continuous conditions for three months, inoculated with immobilized Lambertella sp. biomass, in absence of co-substrates. The Lambertella sp. depleted the corresponding total organic carbon by 90.2%. The exploitability of the Lambertella sp. strain was evaluated also in terms of reduction of phyto-, cyto-, and mutagenicity of the different Landfill Leachates at the end of the myco-based treatment, resulting in an efficient depletion of leachate clastogenicity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Action in Wastewater and Sludge)
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26 pages, 4482 KiB  
Article
Selecting Bacteria Candidates for the Bioaugmentation of Activated Sludge to Improve the Aerobic Treatment of Landfill Leachate
by Justyna Michalska, Artur Piński, Joanna Żur and Agnieszka Mrozik
Water 2020, 12(1), 140; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12010140 - 1 Jan 2020
Cited by 32 | Viewed by 5841
Abstract
In this study, a multifaceted approach for selecting the suitable candidates for bioaugmentation of activated sludge (AS) that supports leachate treatment was used. To determine the exploitation of 10 bacterial strains isolated from the various matrices for inoculating the AS contaminated with the [...] Read more.
In this study, a multifaceted approach for selecting the suitable candidates for bioaugmentation of activated sludge (AS) that supports leachate treatment was used. To determine the exploitation of 10 bacterial strains isolated from the various matrices for inoculating the AS contaminated with the Kalina pond leachate (KPL), their degradative potential was analyzed along with their aptitude to synthesize compounds improving remediation of pollutants in wastewater and ability to incorporate into the AS flocs. Based on their capability to degrade aromatic compounds (primarily catechol, phenol, and cresols) at a concentration of 1 mg/mL and survive in 12.5% of the KPL, Pseudomonas putida OR45a and P. putida KB3 can be considered to be the best candidates for bioaugmentation of the AS among all of the bacteria tested. Genomic analyses of these two strains revealed the presence of the genes encoding enzymes related to the metabolism of aromatic compounds. Additionally, both microorganisms exhibited a high hydrophobic propensity (above 50%) and an ability to produce biosurfactants as well as high resistance to ammonium (above 600 µg/mL) and heavy metals (especially chromium). These properties enable the exploitation of both bacterial strains in the bioremediation of the AS contaminated with the KPL. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Action in Wastewater and Sludge)
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Review

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38 pages, 454 KiB  
Review
Biosorption of Water Pollutants by Fungal Pellets
by Adriana Jazmín Legorreta-Castañeda, Carlos Alexander Lucho-Constantino, Rosa Icela Beltrán-Hernández, Claudia Coronel-Olivares and Gabriela A. Vázquez-Rodríguez
Water 2020, 12(4), 1155; https://doi.org/10.3390/w12041155 - 17 Apr 2020
Cited by 84 | Viewed by 10518
Abstract
Fungal biosorption is an environmental biotechnology based on the ability of the fungal cell wall to concentrate harmful water pollutants. Among its advantages are its simplicity, high efficiency, flexibility of operation, and low cost. The biosorptive performance of fungal pellets is getting growing [...] Read more.
Fungal biosorption is an environmental biotechnology based on the ability of the fungal cell wall to concentrate harmful water pollutants. Among its advantages are its simplicity, high efficiency, flexibility of operation, and low cost. The biosorptive performance of fungal pellets is getting growing attention since they offer process advantages over the culture of disperse mycelia, such as an enhanced biomass separation, and a high resilience in severe environmental conditions. In this review, biosorption capacity of fungal pellets towards heavy metals, dyes, phenolic compounds, humic substances, pesticides, and pharmaceuticals was reviewed. Available data about the adsorption capacity of pellets, their removal efficiency, and the operational conditions used were collected and synthesized. The studies relying on biodegradation were discarded to present only the possibilities of fungal pellets for removing these concern pollutants through biosorption. It was found that the biosorption of complex mixtures of pollutants on fungal pellets is scarcely studied, as well as the interfering effect of anions commonly found in water and wastewater. Furthermore, there is a lack of research with real wastewater and at pilot and large scale. These topics need to be further explored to take full advantage of fungal pellets on improving the quality of aquatic systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Action in Wastewater and Sludge)
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