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Ship and Ocean Engineering

A special issue of Water (ISSN 2073-4441). This special issue belongs to the section "Oceans and Coastal Zones".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 23 January 2026 | Viewed by 2628

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yu Hu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Energy Power Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, China
Interests: offshore wind energy structures; wave loading; offshore engineering structures; interaction between fluid and structures; offshore wind
Prof. Dr. Liang Sun

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Energy Power Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430062, China
Interests: wind–wave power; fluid–structure interaction; hydrodynamic; finite element anal-ysis; costal engineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Ship and ocean engineering is an interdisciplinary field that combines the principles of mechanical engineering, civil engineering, and electrical engineering, aiming at designing, constructing, and maintaining ships, offshore structures, and related systems.

This Special Issue aims at promoting in-depth research in the field of ship and ocean engineering, with a particular focus on the exploration of fluid mechanics and structural mechanics. The topics covered include research on the classical areas of ships, offshore platforms, infrastructure, moorings, pipelines, cables, and subsea systems. Naval architecture topics are also encouraged, such as ship and special marine vehicle design; intact and damaged stability; technology for energy efficiency and green shipping; ship production technology; and decommissioning and recycling. Submissions on emerging research areas are particularly welcome, including offshore renewable energy, aquaculture systems, underwater vehicles for offshore operations, and the application of machine learning in ship and ocean engineering. High-quality papers presenting research in this area of study will be considered, with a specific focus on issues such as, but not limited to, the following:

  • Analysis and calculation methods of wind and wave loads.
  • Experiments related to the field of ships and offshore structures.
  • Application of new materials in the field of ships and offshore structures.
  • Application of machine learning in the field of ship and marine engineering.
  • Cost optimization in the design and transportation fields of ship and offshore engineering.
  • Analysis of the motion response and structural safety of ships and marine engineering structures.
  • Monitoring technology of ships and marine engineering structures under rated and extreme conditions.
  • Research on route optimization and new methods in transportation, installation, and other processes in the field of ship and marine engineering.
  • New designs in the field of ship and marine engineering, particularly in offshore renewable energy, such as novel floating platforms, wind–wave combined systems, and wind–fishery integrated systems.

Dr. Yu Hu
Prof. Dr. Liang Sun
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Water is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • fixed and floating offshore wind turbines
  • cables and mooring
  • wave loads
  • wind loads

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

27 pages, 8062 KB  
Article
Comparative Study of RANS Models for Simulating Turbulent Flow and Heat Transfer in Corrugated Pipes
by Ting-Ting Tang, Fang-Qiu Li, Guang-Yao Wang, Jun Yan and Zhao-Kuan Lu
Water 2025, 17(17), 2649; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17172649 - 8 Sep 2025
Viewed by 501
Abstract
Corrugated pipes are extensively used in engineering applications that require flexibility and enhanced heat exchange, such as drainage and compact heat exchangers, and recently as inner layers in cryogenic flexible hoses for offshore liquid ship-to-ship transfer. The great flexibility of these hoses makes [...] Read more.
Corrugated pipes are extensively used in engineering applications that require flexibility and enhanced heat exchange, such as drainage and compact heat exchangers, and recently as inner layers in cryogenic flexible hoses for offshore liquid ship-to-ship transfer. The great flexibility of these hoses makes them well-suited for deployment in dynamic and harsh marine environments. However, the corrugated geometry also induces flow separation, elevated turbulence, and intricate heat transfer behaviors. This study focuses on the flow and heat transfer characteristics in corrugated pipes with various geometries, addressing the current lack of systematic comparative studies on the performance of different Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) models in such configurations. Despite their limitations in accuracy compared to high-fidelity methods, RANS models remain the workhorse for engineering analysis due to their computational efficiency. This study employs several RANS models to simulate flow and heat transfer in three corrugated pipe geometries—sinusoidal (Sin), C-type, and U-type—over a Reynolds number range of O(104) to O(105) and assesses their performance against high-fidelity Large Eddy Simulation benchmarks. The results show that prediction accuracy decreases with increasing corrugation depth, with the most significant errors in trough regions where reverse flow dominates, and that the choice of turbulence model has a strong influence on the predicted flow and heat transfer behavior. Among all models, the k−ϵ models overall provide the most consistent and accurate predictions for friction factor, velocity distribution, and Nusselt number, while the k−ω models perform the worst. The Reynolds Stress Model improves friction factor prediction accuracy at high Reynolds numbers and provides marginally better accuracy in mean Nusselt number prediction, but its advantages are limited relative to its substantially higher computational cost. The Standard k−ϵ model with Enhanced Wall Treatment demonstrates robust and balanced performance across geometries and flow regimes, making it a practical choice for engineering use. This work provides engineers and researchers guidance for choosing RANS models that balance accuracy and computational efficiency in simulations of LNG ship-to-ship transfer, compact heat exchangers, and other industrial systems that employ corrugated pipes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ship and Ocean Engineering)
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24 pages, 8771 KB  
Article
Soil Response Induced by Wave Shoaling and Breaking on a Sloping Seabed
by Meng-Yu Lin, Yi-Xiang Lin and Te-Hsing Chang
Water 2025, 17(7), 981; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17070981 - 27 Mar 2025
Viewed by 471
Abstract
This study investigates the seabed response induced by wave shoaling and breaking on a sloping seabed through numerical modeling. A coupled approach is employed, integrating a Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) wave model with a poro-elastic soil model based on Biot’s consolidation theory. The wave [...] Read more.
This study investigates the seabed response induced by wave shoaling and breaking on a sloping seabed through numerical modeling. A coupled approach is employed, integrating a Reynolds-Averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) wave model with a poro-elastic soil model based on Biot’s consolidation theory. The wave model incorporates a stress-ω turbulence model to mitigate the tendency to overestimate turbulence intensity during wave breaking. The numerical simulations capture key hydrodynamic processes such as wave transformation, breaking-induced turbulence, and the evolution of pore pressure and soil stress within the seabed. Model validation against analytical solutions and experimental data confirms the reliability of the numerical framework. The study simulates two types of breaking waves: spilling and plunging breakers. The results indicate that wave breaking significantly alters the spatial and temporal distribution of pore pressures and effective stresses in the seabed. In particular, the undertow generated by breaking waves plays an important role in modulating seabed responses by inducing asymmetric pore pressure and stress distributions. The influence of soil permeability and the degree of saturation on wave-induced responses is investigated, showing that higher permeability facilitates deeper pore pressure penetration, while under lower permeability conditions, a higher degree of saturation significantly enhances pore pressure transmission. Additionally, different breaker types exhibit distinct seabed response characteristics, with plunging breakers causing stronger nonlinear effects. These findings provide valuable insights for the design and stability assessment of marine and coastal infrastructure subjected to dynamic wave loading. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ship and Ocean Engineering)
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16 pages, 6823 KB  
Article
Analyzing Wave Dragon Under Different Wave Heights Using Flow-3D: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Approach
by Mehrdad Moradi and Adrian Ilinca
Water 2025, 17(5), 613; https://doi.org/10.3390/w17050613 - 20 Feb 2025
Viewed by 1010
Abstract
Wave energy is an increasingly attractive renewable energy source due to its potential and predictability. Various Wave Energy Converters (WECs) have been developed, including attenuators, overtopping devices, and point absorbers. The Wave Dragon, an overtopping device, is a floating structure anchored to the [...] Read more.
Wave energy is an increasingly attractive renewable energy source due to its potential and predictability. Various Wave Energy Converters (WECs) have been developed, including attenuators, overtopping devices, and point absorbers. The Wave Dragon, an overtopping device, is a floating structure anchored to the seabed with a mooring system. It uses two reflectors to guide incoming waves into a central reservoir, where the captured water flows through turbines to generate electricity. This study enhances the realism of Wave Dragon simulations by modeling it as a moving structure with moorings, addressing key gaps in prior research. Real-time wave data from the Caspian Sea, collected over a year, were used to develop a 3D model and analyze the device’s performance under varying wave conditions. Four significant wave heights (Hs) of 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, and 4.5 m were tested. The results demonstrate that higher wave heights increase water flow through the turbines, leading to higher energy output, with monthly energy generation recorded as 16.03, 25.95, 31.45, and 56.5 MWh for the respective wave heights. The analysis also revealed that higher wave heights significantly increase pressure forces on the Wave Dragon, from 2.97 × 105 N at 1.5 m to 1.95 × 106 N at 4.5 m, representing a 6.5-fold increase. These findings underscore the potential of Wave Dragons to enhance renewable energy production while ensuring structural robustness in varying wave conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ship and Ocean Engineering)
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