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Viruses
Special Issues
Ocular Diseases in Viral Infection
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Ocular Diseases in Viral Infection

A special issue of Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Viruses".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2025) | Viewed by 8638

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Koju Kamoi

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan
Interests: ocular viral infection; retrovirus; HTLV-1; uveitis; intraocular inflammation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce a call for papers for a forthcoming Special Issue of the journal "Viruses", dedicated to exploring the complex interplay between viral infections and ocular diseases. This Special Issue will compile a diverse collection of research, review articles, and original studies that illuminate the effects of various viral pathogens on ocular health. We are particularly interested in insights related to COVID-19 and retroviruses like HTLV-1 and HIV. Additionally, we welcome contributions that investigate ocular diseases caused by other viruses, such as adenoviruses, herpesviruses, and dengue virus, as well as chikungunya virus, and their impact on the eyes.

Dr. Koju Kamoi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Viruses is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • the impact of COVID-19 on ocular health
  • ocular manifestations of retroviral infections (e.g., HTLV-1 and HIV)
  • virus-related ocular complications (adenoviruses, herpesviruses, dengue virus, and chikungunya virus)
  • pathophysiology of viral infections leading to the manifestation of ocular diseases
  • diagnostic challenges and advancements in detecting ocular diseases linked to viral infections
  • treatment strategies and outcomes for ocular diseases in the context of viral infections
  • epidemiological studies on the prevalence and impact of ocular diseases in patients with viral infections
  • case reports on unique or rare ocular manifestations in viral infections

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Review

22 pages, 3557 KiB  
Review
Impact of COVID-19 on Ocular Surface Health: Infection Mechanisms, Immune Modulation, and Inflammatory Responses
by Duliurui Huang, Weixia Xuan and Zhijie Li
Viruses 2025, 17(1), 68; https://doi.org/10.3390/v17010068 - 6 Jan 2025
Viewed by 2111
Abstract
COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has presented formidable challenges to global health since its emergence in late 2019. While primarily known for respiratory symptoms, it can also affect the ocular surface. This review summarizes the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on ocular surface immunity and inflammation, [...] Read more.
COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has presented formidable challenges to global health since its emergence in late 2019. While primarily known for respiratory symptoms, it can also affect the ocular surface. This review summarizes the effects of SARS-CoV-2 on ocular surface immunity and inflammation, focusing on infection mechanisms, immune responses, and clinical manifestations. Ocular symptoms, though uncommon, include conjunctivitis, dry eye, and blurred vision. SARS-CoV-2 binds to ACE2 receptors in ocular surface epithelial cells, facilitating viral entry, replication, and local dissemination. The innate immune responses involving corneal epithelial cells and immune cells are discussed, alongside mechanisms of antigen presentation and adaptive immunity. The review also examines the roles of cytokines and chemokines in mediating ocular surface inflammation and explores the impact of cytokine storms and chronic inflammation on ocular health. Additionally, the interplay between systemic and ocular immune responses is highlighted, analyzing how systemic COVID-19 inflammation influences ocular surface health. These insights underscore the broader implications of COVID-19 beyond localized ocular infection. By consolidating current findings, this review aims to guide preventive and therapeutic strategies while identifying directions for future research to mitigate the ocular consequences of COVID-19. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ocular Diseases in Viral Infection)
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15 pages, 1103 KiB  
Review
Cytomegalovirus Retinitis: Clinical Manifestations, Diagnosis and Treatment
by Jing Zhang, Koju Kamoi, Yuan Zong, Mingming Yang, Yaru Zou, Miki Miyagaki and Kyoko Ohno-Matsui
Viruses 2024, 16(9), 1427; https://doi.org/10.3390/v16091427 - 7 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3576
Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis is the most common eye disease associated with CMV infection in immunocompromised individuals. The CMVR may initially be asymptomatic; however, relatively mild vitreous inflammation at the onset may be an important differential point from other diseases in HIV patients. Fundus [...] Read more.
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis is the most common eye disease associated with CMV infection in immunocompromised individuals. The CMVR may initially be asymptomatic; however, relatively mild vitreous inflammation at the onset may be an important differential point from other diseases in HIV patients. Fundus photography, CD4 T-cell count, and telemedicine could be used to screen and monitor the high-risk population, particularly in resource-limited regions. Retinitis generally starts in the peripheral retina and advances toward the posterior pole, which could develop to the characteristic “pizza pie” appearance marked by central retinal necrosis and intraretinal hemorrhage. CMVR causes vision loss if left untreated, and early antiviral therapy significantly reduces the risk of vision loss. Alongside traditional antiviral treatments, immunotherapies including CMV-specific adoptive T-cell therapy and CMV immunoglobulin (CMVIG) are emerging as promising treatment options due to their favorable tolerability and reduced mortality. This review comprehensively examines CMV retinitis, encompassing the clinical features, differential diagnosis, laboratory tests, and updated treatment strategies to inform clinical management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ocular Diseases in Viral Infection)
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14 pages, 529 KiB  
Review
Outcomes of Corneal Transplantation for Herpetic Keratitis: A Narrative Review
by Michele Nardella, Angeli Christy Yu, Massimo Busin, Roberta Rizzo and Giorgio Zauli
Viruses 2024, 16(9), 1403; https://doi.org/10.3390/v16091403 - 31 Aug 2024
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2051
Abstract
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is one of the most common etiologic agents of corneal disease and a significant cause of corneal blindness worldwide. Although most cases can be successfully managed with medical therapy, HSV keratitis associated with visually significant stromal scarring often requires [...] Read more.
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is one of the most common etiologic agents of corneal disease and a significant cause of corneal blindness worldwide. Although most cases can be successfully managed with medical therapy, HSV keratitis associated with visually significant stromal scarring often requires corneal transplantation for visual rehabilitation. While penetrating keratoplasty (PK) represented the traditional keratoplasty technique, the past few decades have seen a shift towards lamellar keratoplasty procedures, including deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty and mushroom keratoplasty. This paper describes the current surgical techniques and perioperative antiviral prophylaxis regimen for herpetic keratitis and reviews their postoperative clinical outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Ocular Diseases in Viral Infection)
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