High Consequence Viral Transmission

A special issue of Viruses (ISSN 1999-4915). This special issue belongs to the section "Human Virology and Viral Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 17 July 2026 | Viewed by 962

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Pathology and Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
Interests: Filoviridae; Paramyxoviridae; Arenaviridae; Bunyaviridae; Flaviviridae; Coronaviridae; natural reservoir; zoonosis; aerosol transmission; sexual transmission; antiviral drugs; biologics; vaccines

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As a Senior Scientist at the University of Texas Medical Branch (UTMB) in Galveston, I am honored to serve as Guest Editor for this Special Issue in Viruses, titled “High Consequence Viral Transmission”. Institutions with a strong foundation in infectious disease and high-containment laboratories have provided an exceptional platform to investigate highly pathogenic viruses in both in vitro and in vivo systems.

This Special Issue seeks to bring together cutting-edge research and comprehensive reviews that explore the factors driving the transmission of high-consequence viruses. From molecular mechanisms and host–pathogen interactions to ecological drivers and public health implications, we aim to showcase multidisciplinary perspectives that deepen our understanding of how these viruses spread and how we might better predict, prevent, and control future outbreaks.

I look forward to working with contributing authors and reviewers to highlight innovative science that reflects the urgency and importance of this global health topic.

Dr. Olivier Escaffre
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • high-consequence viruses
  • zoonotic viruses
  • spillover events
  • natural reservoirs
  • wildlife vectors
  • pandemic
  • outbreaks
  • airborne transmission
  • droplet transmission
  • sexual transmission
  • high fatality rates
  • Filoviridae
  • Orthoebolavirus
  • Orthomarbugvirus
  • Paramyxoviridae
  • Orthoparamyxovirinae
  • Arenaviridae
  • Mammarenavirus
  • Peribunyaviridae
  • Orthobunyavirus
  • Nairoviridae
  • Orthonairovirus
  • Hantaviridae
  • Orthohantavirus
  • Coronaviridae
  • Betacoronavirus

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

12 pages, 383 KB  
Article
Evaluation of Thermal Inactivation and Chemical Disinfection Efficacy Against Lassa Virus
by Mengli Yang, Zhidan Zhang, Cong Cai, Kaiyun Ding, Xueping Chen, Shanhe Wu, Xin Guo, Qiangming Sun and Yunchuan Wang
Viruses 2026, 18(4), 412; https://doi.org/10.3390/v18040412 - 27 Mar 2026
Viewed by 624
Abstract
Lassa virus (LASV), the causative agent of Lassa fever, must be handled under biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) conditions, requiring validated inactivation protocols to ensure laboratory and public safety. Although LASV is an enveloped virus theoretically susceptible to physical and chemical inactivation methods, quantitative [...] Read more.
Lassa virus (LASV), the causative agent of Lassa fever, must be handled under biosafety level 4 (BSL-4) conditions, requiring validated inactivation protocols to ensure laboratory and public safety. Although LASV is an enveloped virus theoretically susceptible to physical and chemical inactivation methods, quantitative data on its inactivation kinetics remain limited. This study systematically evaluated the efficacy of thermal treatment (56 °C, 70 °C, 95 °C), laboratory chemical inactivants (beta-propiolactone, formaldehyde, methanol, TRIzol), and five commercial disinfectants against infectious LASV. Viral infectivity was determined by titrating residual virus in Vero E6 cells, and complete inactivation was verified by three consecutive blind passages. Thermal inactivation was achieved at 56 °C for 40 min, 70 °C for 5 min, and 95 °C for 2 min. Both 0.1% and 0.05% beta-propiolactone completely inactivated LASV after 24 h at 4 °C, while 4% formaldehyde, 50% methanol, and 25% TRIzol achieved complete inactivation within 15 min, 10 min, and 2 min, respectively. For surface disinfection, 2% and 5% Micro-Chem Plus™ and 75% ethanol reduced viral titers by ≥4 log10 TCID50/mL within 30 s; 1% sodium hypochlorite and 0.25% Virkon required 1 min, whereas 3% hydrogen peroxide required 3 min to achieve the same reduction. These results provide quantitative, evidence-based parameters that can serve as a valuable reference for the safe handling of LASV under controlled BSL-4 laboratory conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue High Consequence Viral Transmission)
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