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Universe
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Advance in Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP) Physics
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Advance in Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP) Physics

A special issue of Universe (ISSN 2218-1997). This special issue belongs to the section "High Energy Nuclear and Particle Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 January 2023) | Viewed by 3868

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Maria Vasileiou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physics, University of Athens, Zografou Campus, GR-15784 Athens, Greece
Interests: heavy ion physics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The QGP is a state of matter wherein quarks and gluons are no longer confined to hadrons. Such a state is predicted by the current theory of the strong interaction (called quantum chromodynamics, QCD) for very high temperatures and very high densities. The transition between confined matter and the QGP would occur when the temperature exceeds a critical value, estimated to be around 2000 billion degrees (about 100 000 times the temperature of the core of the Sun). Such extreme temperatures have not existed in nature since the birth of the universe: it is believed that, for a few millionths of a second after the Big Bang, the temperature was above the critical value, and the entire universe was in a Quark-Gluon-Plasma state.

To recreate conditions that are similar to those of the early universe, powerful accelerators deliver head-on collisions between massive ions, such as gold or lead nuclei. In these heavy-ion collisions, hundreds of protons and neutrons from these nuclei smash into one another at energies of upwards of a few trillion electronvolts each. The extreme energy density that is then reached causes the formation of the quark-gluon plasma. The QGP quickly cools until the individual quarks and gluons recombine into a blizzard of ordinary matter that speeds away in all directions. The goal of this Special Issue is to collect the latest and most advanced ideas regarding Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP) physics.

Topics suited for this Special Issue include but are not limited to:
- Lattice gauge theory for exploring the theory of the QGP;
- Signatures of QGP;
- Heavy ions and QGP;
- Finite-temperature field theory and QGP;
- QGP and theory of particle physics;
- Experiments looking for QGP.

Prof. Dr. Maria Vasileiou
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Universe is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • QGP
  • lattice gauge theory
  • confinement
  • QCD matter
  • heavy ion collisions
  • particle physics

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2648 KiB  
Communication
A Journey into the Proton Structure: Progresses and Challenges
by Francesco Giovanni Celiberto
Universe 2022, 8(12), 661; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe8120661 - 15 Dec 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1364
Abstract
Unraveling the inner dynamics of gluons and quarks inside nucleons is a primary target of studies at new-generation colliding machines. Finding an answer to fundamental problems of Quantum ChromoDynamics, such as the origin of nucleon mass and spin, strongly depends on our ability [...] Read more.
Unraveling the inner dynamics of gluons and quarks inside nucleons is a primary target of studies at new-generation colliding machines. Finding an answer to fundamental problems of Quantum ChromoDynamics, such as the origin of nucleon mass and spin, strongly depends on our ability of reconstructing the 3D motion of partons inside the parent hadrons. We present progresses and challenges in the extraction of TMD parton densities, with particular attention to the ones describing polarization states of gluons, which still represent a largely unexplored field. Then, we highlight connections with corresponding parton densities in the high-energy limit, the so-called unintegrated gluon distributions or UGDs and, more in general, to recent developments in high-energy physics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advance in Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP) Physics)
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19 pages, 1168 KiB  
Article
Strangeness Production from Proton–Proton Collisions at Different Energies by Using Monte Carlo Simulation
by Ahmed Hussein, M. A. Mahmoud, Ayman A. Aly, M. N. El-Hammamy and Yasser Mohammed
Universe 2022, 8(11), 590; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe8110590 - 07 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1185
Abstract
Nuclear matter, at sufficiently energy density and high temperature, undergoes a transition to a state of strongly interacting QCD matter in which quarks and gluons are not confined known as the Quark–Gluon Plasma (QGP). QGP is usually produced in high-energy collisions of heavy [...] Read more.
Nuclear matter, at sufficiently energy density and high temperature, undergoes a transition to a state of strongly interacting QCD matter in which quarks and gluons are not confined known as the Quark–Gluon Plasma (QGP). QGP is usually produced in high-energy collisions of heavy nuclei in the laboratory, where an enhancement of strange hadrons’ production is observed. Many of the effects which are typical of heavy ion phenomenology have been observed in high-multiplicity proton–proton (pp) collisions. The enhancement of strange particles’ production in pp collisions was reported at s=7 TeV and s=13 TeV in 2017 and 2020, respectively, and it was found that the integrated yields of strange particles, relative to pions, increase notably with the charged-particle multiplicity of events. Here, we report the multiplicity dependence of strange particles at |y|<0.5 in pp collisions at s = 7 TeV, 13 TeV, 20 TeV, and 27 TeV from a Monte Carlo simulation using PYTHIA8, EPOS-LHC, and Herwig7. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advance in Quark-Gluon-Plasma (QGP) Physics)
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