Advances in Cosmological Models

A special issue of Universe (ISSN 2218-1997). This special issue belongs to the section "Cosmology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 3041

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
National Center for Nuclear Studies, Warszawa, Poland
Interests: cosmology of the early universe; lorentz invariance breaking; modified theories of gravity; quantum cosmology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The recent advances in cosmological models have provided new insights into the nature of the universe and improved our understanding of its evolution and properties. These were mainly made due to precision measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, the detection of gravitational waves, observations of the large-scale structures and new observational techniques using different messengers, such as neutrinos, cosmic rays, and gamma rays. 

Recent measurements of the CMB, made by the Planck satellite, provided precise data on the universe's geometry, age, and content. These measurements led to the current standard cosmological model, called the ΛCDM model, which includes dark energy, dark matter, and baryonic matter. The detection of gravitational waves by Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) and the Virgo Collaboration confirmed the existence of black holes and neutron stars. Observations of the large-scale structure of the universe provided information about the universe's growth and expansion history, the nature of dark matter and dark energy, and the initial conditions of the universe. New astronomical multimessengers provided new insights into the properties of cosmic sources, such as black holes, neutron stars, and supernovae.

New theories of gravity, such as modified gravity and scalar-tensor theories, have also been developed, which have the potential to provide an alternative explanation for the observed phenomena, such as the acceleration of the universe, without the need for dark energy. These may have implications for our understanding of the fundamental nature of gravity.

We would like to invite both original and review papers to this Special Issue that cover the influence of new measurement methods and detections, as well as the development of alternative theories on gravity and our understanding of nature of the universe.

Dr. Ewa Czuchry
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Universe is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cosmological models
  • multi-messenger astronomy
  • galaxy surveys
  • gravitational waves
  • alternative theories of gravity

Published Papers (2 papers)

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14 pages, 664 KiB  
Article
Unimodular Theory of Gravity in Light of the Latest Cosmological Data
by Naveen K. Singh and Gopal Kashyap
Universe 2023, 9(11), 469; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe9110469 - 31 Oct 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1587
Abstract
The unimodular theory of gravity is an alternative perspective to the traditional general relativity of Einstein and opens new possibilities for exploring its implications in cosmology. In this paper, we investigated Unimodular Gravity (UG) with the cosmological data from the Pantheon sample of [...] Read more.
The unimodular theory of gravity is an alternative perspective to the traditional general relativity of Einstein and opens new possibilities for exploring its implications in cosmology. In this paper, we investigated Unimodular Gravity (UG) with the cosmological data from the Pantheon sample of Type Ia Supernovae (SNs) (2018), Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAOs), and the observational H(z) data from the Differential Age method (DA). We also used the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) distance priors from the Planck 2018 results. We considered a model consisting of a generalized cosmological constant, radiation, and a dark matter component along with normal matter. The considered theory respects only unimodular coordinate transformations. We first fit our model with low-redshift data from SNs and DA and determined the value of the model parameters (ξ,H0). We found the best-fit value of parameter ξ=6.03±0.40, which deviates slightly from 6, for which the theory becomes the standard general theory of relativity. We observed a small deviation in the value of the Hubble constant (H0=72.6±3.5 km s−1 Mpc−1) in the UG model compared with the standard ΛCDM model (H0=72.2±1.2 km s−1 Mpc−1). Using the BAO + CMB constraint in the UG model, we obtained H0=68.45±0.66kms1Mpc1, and ξ is ∼6.029. For the combined datasets (SN + DA + BAO + CMB), the estimated H0=69.01±0.60kms1Mpc1 with ξ6.037, and in standard gravity, H0=68.25±0.40kms1Mpc1. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Cosmological Models)
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39 pages, 2281 KiB  
Article
Effects of a Late Gravitational Transition on Gravitational Waves and Anticipated Constraints
by Evangelos Achilleas Paraskevas and Leandros Perivolaropoulos
Universe 2023, 9(7), 317; https://doi.org/10.3390/universe9070317 - 30 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 983
Abstract
We investigate the evolution of gravitational waves through discontinuous evolution (transition) of the Hubble expansion rate H(z) at a sudden cosmological singularity, which may be due to a transition of the value of the gravitational constant. We find the evolution [...] Read more.
We investigate the evolution of gravitational waves through discontinuous evolution (transition) of the Hubble expansion rate H(z) at a sudden cosmological singularity, which may be due to a transition of the value of the gravitational constant. We find the evolution of the scale factor and the gravitational wave waveform through the singularity by imposing the proper boundary conditions. We also use existing cosmological data and mock data of future gravitational wave experiments (the ET) to impose current and anticipated constraints on the magnitude of such a transition. We show that mock data of the Einstein Telescope can reduce the uncertainties by up to a factor of three depending on the cosmological parameter considered. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Cosmological Models)
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