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Advancing Cyber Security in the IoT Era: Distributed Ledger and AI Solutions for Enhancing Security and Privacy

A special issue of Sensors (ISSN 1424-8220). This special issue belongs to the section "Internet of Things".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2025) | Viewed by 851

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Computing, Engineering and the Built Environment, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh EH10 5DT, UK
Interests: cyber-security; networks; software systems

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Guest Editor Assistant
School of Computing, Engineering and the Built Environment, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh EH10 5DT, UK
Interests: cyber-security; digital forensics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Internet of Things (IoT) is rapidly transforming industries and daily life, but its pervasive connectivity also introduces significant cybersecurity vulnerabilities. Traditional security mechanisms often struggle to address the unique challenges posed by the diverse and resource-constrained nature of IoT devices. This Special Issue explores the transformative potential of blockchain and artificial intelligence (AI) in bolstering IoT security and privacy. Blockchain’s decentralized and immutable nature offers robust solutions for secure data management, identity management, and access control. Concurrently, AI’s capabilities in anomaly detection, threat prediction, and intelligent security management provide proactive defense mechanisms against evolving cyber threats. This Special Issue invites original research contributions exploring novel applications, architectures, and theoretical frameworks that leverage the synergy of blockchain and AI to enhance security and privacy in the IoT ecosystem, addressing critical challenges across various IoT domains, from smart cities and industrial IoT to healthcare and beyond.

Dr. Gordon Russell
Guest Editor

Dr. Sean McKeown
Guest Editor Assistant

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • IoT
  • cyber security
  • blockchain and artificial intelligence (AI) in bolstering IoT security and privacy

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 916 KB  
Article
SelectVote Byzantine Fault Tolerance for Evidence Custody: Virtual Voting Consensus with Environmental Compensation
by Belinda I. Onyeashie, Petra Leimich, Sean McKeown and Gordon Russell
Sensors 2025, 25(22), 6846; https://doi.org/10.3390/s25226846 - 8 Nov 2025
Viewed by 609
Abstract
Digital evidence custody requires consensus protocols that guarantee immediate and deterministic finality. Legal admissibility depends on proof that no party can alter or delay confirmation of evidence transfers. Conventional Byzantine fault tolerance protocols scale poorly because of quadratic communication overhead, while probabilistic ledger [...] Read more.
Digital evidence custody requires consensus protocols that guarantee immediate and deterministic finality. Legal admissibility depends on proof that no party can alter or delay confirmation of evidence transfers. Conventional Byzantine fault tolerance protocols scale poorly because of quadratic communication overhead, while probabilistic ledger systems such as IOTA and SPECTRE produce confirmation uncertainty that weakens custody verification. This paper introduces SelectVote Byzantine Fault Tolerance, a deterministic consensus protocol that infers virtual votes from graph structure instead of exchanging explicit messages. The protocol operates in permissioned forensic networks and assigns validation witnesses through a fixed, hash-based selection process. Empirical evaluation demonstrates sub-quadratic communication scaling (O(n1.7)) compared to traditional O(n2) Byzantine protocols and maintains Byzantine resilience. To ensure physical integrity, the paper also presents an environmental compensation framework for precision weight verification. The framework models temperature, humidity, and pressure effects on load cells and corrects measurement drift to preserve sub-gram accuracy across normal storage conditions. Experimental evaluation confirms that the integrated system sustains high throughput with deterministic finality and maintains consistent measurement precision under environmental variation. The combined result supports reliable, legally defensible custody of digital evidence across distributed institutions. Full article
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