Mystical Theology: Negation and Desolation

A special issue of Religions (ISSN 2077-1444).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (1 April 2024) | Viewed by 10930

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Theology, Philosophy, and Religious Studies, Liverpool Hope University, Liverpool L16 9JD, UK
Interests: mystical theology; continental philosophy of religion; Kierkegaard and existentialism; Kabbalah; holocaust theology; religion and psychotherapy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue seeks to discern a more extensive critical understanding of ‘negativity’ within mystical traditions. What are these ‘negative’ aspects? What functions do they serve? And what is the relationship between apophatic ‘negation’ and moments of arid ‘desolation’?

Such desolation is often interpreted as a stage on the Way of Purgation (via purgativa): a ‘dark night of the soul’ that helps initiate one towards Illumination and Union. However, is this necessarily the case? Might there be images, ideas, and experiences that are irreducible to models of spiritual progression, or to dialectical frameworks? Is there a difference between mystical self-mortification and traumatic abjection? In other words, are there pathological elements at work that inhibit ‘healthy’ spirituality? Is it the case that ‘negation’ itself risks abandoning one to a state of dereliction? Or can ‘negation’ actually serve to illuminate a path away from such ‘desolation’? What is the relationship between serene abandonment of attachments and traumatic abandonment by God? Furthermore, what ‘negative’ images of God are found in mystical thought? What role is played by the demonic or even the Satanic? How does ‘negativity’ shape the understanding of good and evil? How does ‘negativity’ affect one’s sense of self, or dying-to-self? Such questions motivate this Special Issue but are far from exhaustive. Contributors are encouraged to think critically and creatively about the role of ‘negativity’ in mystical traditions, from the ancient to the contemporary.

The scope of the Special Issue is initially focused on the frequently under-examined ‘negative’ aspects of mystical thought, practice, and experience as they appear within the broadly conceived theological traditions of Christianity, Judaism, and Islam. However, we also encourage submissions from scholars seeking to explore these issues within other mystical traditions that are not generally deemed ‘theistic’ in the Abrahamic sense (Buddhism, Hinduism, Taoism, etc.). Essays approaching the topic from a comparative perspective are also very welcome. This may involve critical comparison across traditions, comparison of particular mystics and thinkers, and comparison of mystical approaches with approaches from other fields and disciplines. Along with theological approaches, essays may examine the topic from philosophical, phenomenological, literary, artistic, psychological, or practitioner perspectives. The aim is to shed greater critical light on the darkness of ‘negativity’ in all its aspects.

We are pleased to invite you to participate in a Special Issue of Religions on the theme of ‘Mystical Theology: Negation and Desolation’. Submissions are invited that shed new light on the role, function, and implications of ‘negativity’ in mystical traditions, both theistic and non-theistic. Essays may approach the topic from a comparative perspective, including critical comparison across traditions, comparison of particular mystics and thinkers, and comparison of mystical approaches with approaches from other fields and disciplines. Along with theological approaches, essays may examine the topic from philosophical, phenomenological, literary, artistic, psychological, or practitioner perspectives. By drawing on international expertise, the Special Issue aims to produce a distinctive open access and peer reviewed journal that serves the interests of a wide range of thoughtful readers and academic scholars of religion (including theologians, philosophers, social scientists, anthropologists, psychologists, neuroscientists and others interested in the multidisciplinary study of religions).

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following:

  • Negativity and Nothingness (void, abyss, emptiness, etc.)
  • ‘Negation’ (negative theology, apophasis, etc.)
  • ‘Desolation’ (negative experiences, images, concepts, etc.)
  • ‘Dying-to-Self’ (self-mortification, self-emptying, ego-death, etc.)
  • ‘Dark Nights of the Soul’ (abandonment, God-forsakenness, spiritual struggle, etc.)
  • Spirituality and Mental Health (including trauma, depression, God-images, etc.)
  • Transpersonal and Depth Psychology
  • Negativity in relation to Sexuality and the Body
  • Evil in Mystical Thought (including demons, the demonic, etc.)
  • Comparative Mysticism
  • Negativity in Art and Literature

I look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Simon Podmore
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Mysticism
  • Negativity
  • Nothingness
  • Negation
  • Apophasis
  • Desolation
  • Spiritual Struggle
  • Suffering
  • Trauma
  • Self-Mortification

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 265 KiB  
Article
A Negative Way: Dionysian Apophaticism and the Experiential
by Maria Exall
Religions 2024, 15(8), 1015; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15081015 - 20 Aug 2024
Viewed by 893
Abstract
The experiential bias in modern understandings of spirituality has led to readings of the pre-modern texts of Pseudo-Dionysius as referring to “negative experiences” of faith. Denys Turner, Bernard McGinn, and others have outlined the mistaken “spiritual positivism” of such readings and their contrast [...] Read more.
The experiential bias in modern understandings of spirituality has led to readings of the pre-modern texts of Pseudo-Dionysius as referring to “negative experiences” of faith. Denys Turner, Bernard McGinn, and others have outlined the mistaken “spiritual positivism” of such readings and their contrast with the negative dialectics of the classical apophatic tradition. Indeed, the philosophical parameters of the Christian mysticism of the Dionysian tradition would deny “mystical experience” to be “experience” as such. Nevertheless, several modern theologians have attempted to integrate interpretations of the experiential in Christian mysticism into their theology. These include Sara Coakley in the idea of spiritual sense in her theology of the body, Karl Rahner in the conception of spiritual touch within his theology of grace, and Louis Dupré’s view that there is religious significance in the experience of “emptiness” in modern-day atheism. I shall contrast these attempted integrations with the critique of “mystical experience” within classical understandings of apophaticism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mystical Theology: Negation and Desolation)
17 pages, 335 KiB  
Article
The Non-Dual Path of Negation
by Alexandre Couture-Mingheras
Religions 2024, 15(7), 787; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel15070787 - 28 Jun 2024
Viewed by 751
Abstract
The non-dual path—which runs through the undercurrent of all the great traditions and religions at their esoteric and initiatory level—is underpinned by the doctrine of Unity, namely the fact that the ultimate Reality is one. In this respect, negation is neither local [...] Read more.
The non-dual path—which runs through the undercurrent of all the great traditions and religions at their esoteric and initiatory level—is underpinned by the doctrine of Unity, namely the fact that the ultimate Reality is one. In this respect, negation is neither local nor tied to a positive content (simple negation), nor does it affirm elsewhere the existence of what it denies (presuppositional negation), but it presents itself, in a more original way, as the neutralization of all determination and dualism, i.e., of false assumptions on what there is that prevent us from accessing to that which, being unqualifiable, really is. In order to grasp the meaning of the via negativa as a path of deconstruction and disidentification (Neti-Neti) and of the apparent obscurity of non-knowledge (Agnosia), which is expressed in the lexicon proper to negative theology (silence, abyss, inexpressible, unrepresentable, non-manifest), the questioning about the Being-in-itself must not be separated from that about one’s own Self. This original negativity, which proceeds from the metaphysical ignorance of the truth of the self and the truth of what is (Avidyā), once lifted, opens the way to the subjective apprehension of Reality, i.e., the perspective of transcendental interiority: the Supreme Identity between the Being-in-itself and Oneself. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mystical Theology: Negation and Desolation)
15 pages, 242 KiB  
Article
At the Burning Ground: Death and Transcendence in Bengali Shaktism
by June McDaniel
Religions 2023, 14(8), 1014; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel14081014 - 8 Aug 2023
Viewed by 4654
Abstract
The burning ground is both a place and a metaphor in the religion of Shaktism or goddess worship in West Bengal, India. As a place, it is where corpses are cremated. As a metaphor, it refers to the human heart, which has been [...] Read more.
The burning ground is both a place and a metaphor in the religion of Shaktism or goddess worship in West Bengal, India. As a place, it is where corpses are cremated. As a metaphor, it refers to the human heart, which has been left as a wasteland through sorrow and tragedy. It is when the soul loses its attachment to this world, when the heart is desolate and alone, that the dark goddess Kali descends from the heavens. She may bring the gift of salvation, bringing the soul to her paradise, or she may save it from unhappy rebirth by bringing a new and better life. She may also bring the universal consciousness that is moksha or liberation. Transcendence from the bondage of worldly attachments, which are left behind amid the ashes of the burning ground, brings divine vision and realization. This paper explores the roles of negation and desolation in ritual practice and religious experience in Bengali Shaktism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mystical Theology: Negation and Desolation)
15 pages, 1193 KiB  
Article
Negative Capabilities: Investigating Apophasis in AI Text-to-Image Models
by Hannah Lucas
Religions 2023, 14(6), 812; https://doi.org/10.3390/rel14060812 - 20 Jun 2023
Viewed by 3628
Abstract
Through a case study of images generated by Swedish artist Steph Maj Swanson using an AI text-to-image (T2I) model, this article explores the strategy of negative weight prompting in T2I models as a phenomenon of apophasis. Apophasis is a linguistic strategy commonly deployed [...] Read more.
Through a case study of images generated by Swedish artist Steph Maj Swanson using an AI text-to-image (T2I) model, this article explores the strategy of negative weight prompting in T2I models as a phenomenon of apophasis. Apophasis is a linguistic strategy commonly deployed in texts of mystical theology to express the ineffability of God through negative concepts. In this article, a comparison of apophatic strategies in mystical texts and T2I models is engaged to highlight the mutual benefit of theorising AI with the help of religious theory and concepts. With this, the article builds on previous work on the New Visibility of Religion, enchantment, and post-secularism—especially the research of Beth Singler on religious continuities in representations of AI. Recent work on AI prompt engineering, computational linguistics, and computational geometry is invoked to explain the linguistic processes of T2I models. Poststructuralist semiotics is then employed to theorise the search for the Transcendental Signified in apophatic theology. The article concludes that linguistic theology can help to elucidate technological use cases, subsequently arguing for further dialogue between scholars in artificial intelligence and religious studies, and for a revaluation of religion in the technological sphere. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Mystical Theology: Negation and Desolation)
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