Leishmania spp. and Leishmaniasis

A special issue of Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817). This special issue belongs to the section "Parasitic Pathogens".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2026 | Viewed by 941

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Brazil
Interests: Leishmania amazonensis and Leishmania infantum; leishmaniasis; Leishmania spp.

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Guest Editor
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora 36036-900, MG, Brazil
Interests: drug discovery

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Guest Editor
Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
Interests: leishmaniose tegumentar americana; Leishmania amazonensis

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Leishmaniasis, caused by the protozoan Leishmania spp., remains one of the most significant neglected tropical diseases, transmitted to humans and other mammals through the bite of infected sandflies. There is no universal consensus on the clinical classification of the disease, which is broadly categorized into two main forms: cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL).

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), the global burden is alarming: 600,000 to 1 million new CL cases and 50,000 to 90,000 new VL cases occur each year. CL can cause lifelong disfigurement, leading to profound social and psychological impacts, while VL is a potentially fatal systemic disease if left untreated. With no approved human vaccine available, control strategies remain heavily dependent on early diagnosis and effective treatment—both of which face limitations in many endemic regions.

This Special Issue seeks to bring together cutting-edge research and critical reviews that advance our understanding of leishmaniasis. We welcome contributions addressing the following:

  • Epidemiology—surveillance, distribution, and risk factors;
  • Immunology—host immune responses, pathogenesis, and immune modulation;
  • Diagnosis—novel tools, biomarkers, and rapid diagnostic tests;
  • Treatment—current therapies, drug resistance, and development of new compounds;
  • Control—integrated approaches for prevention and vector management;
  • Vaccinology—strategies, platforms, and progress toward human vaccines;
  • Host–parasite interactions—mechanisms of infection and transmission between mammals and sandfly vectors.

By consolidating studies from diverse disciplines, this Special Issue aims to choose original articles, reviews, and short communications to foster scientific exchange and contribute to innovative strategies for the control of leishmaniasis.

Dr. Patrícia De Almeida Machado
Dr. Ari Sérgio De Oliveira Lemos
Dr. Juliana Da Trindade Granato
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Leishmania spp.
  • leishmaniasis
  • cutaneous leishmaniasis
  • visceral leishmaniasis
  • sandflies
  • epidemiology
  • immunology
  • vaccinology
  • diagnosis
  • treatment
  • control

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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17 pages, 1605 KB  
Systematic Review
Canine Leishmaniasis in Europe over the Last Decade: A Review of Geographic Trends and Epidemiological Data
by Anamaria Plesko, Tiana Florea, Mirela Imre, Diana Hoffman, Ioan Cristian Dreghiciu, Alexandra Pocinoc, Florica Morariu, Ana-Maria Marin, Narcisa Mederle, Gheorghe Darabus, Ion Oprescu, Marius Stelian Ilie and Sorin Morariu
Pathogens 2025, 14(11), 1082; https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14111082 - 23 Oct 2025
Viewed by 762
Abstract
Canine leishmaniasis is an emerging threat in Europe shaped by ecological, climatic, and socio-economic factors. This systematic review examines the prevalence of Leishmania spp. infection in dogs, based on information collected from studies published between 2015 and 2024 across 14 European countries. Available [...] Read more.
Canine leishmaniasis is an emerging threat in Europe shaped by ecological, climatic, and socio-economic factors. This systematic review examines the prevalence of Leishmania spp. infection in dogs, based on information collected from studies published between 2015 and 2024 across 14 European countries. Available data was compiled and analyzed following PRISMA guidelines, revealing pronounced geographical variability. Prevalence was highest in southern European countries such as Portugal, Italy, and Greece, while substantially lower rates were reported in Central and Northern Europe. Despite differences in diagnostic approaches and surveillance intensity across countries, overall patterns point to endemic transmission in southern regions and a growing epidemiological risk in areas traditionally considered non-endemic. These findings underscore the need for harmonized diagnostic protocols and a strengthened surveillance network, consistent with the One Health framework, to enable effective responses to climate change and the shifting landscape of vector-borne diseases in Europe. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Leishmania spp. and Leishmaniasis)
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