Breath and Balance: Interdisciplinary Insights into Respiratory-Based Rehabilitation

A special issue of Medical Sciences (ISSN 2076-3271).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2026 | Viewed by 361

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Rehabilitation, Physical Medicine and Rheumatology, Research Center for Assessment of Human Motion, Functionality and Disability, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
Interests: respiratory functional assessment; respiratory muscles assessment; respiratory muscle training; CPET; geriatrics; balance impairment; chronic respiratory diseases; pulmonary rehabilitation
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue, “Breath and Balance: Interdisciplinary Insights into Respiratory-Based Rehabilitation”, will explore physiological, biomechanical, and psychological aspects of breathing-centered therapies. Recent research has shown that respiratory rehabilitation goes beyond lung function, affecting balance, autonomic regulation, and emotional health. Breathing is not just a basic act but also a dynamic motor process that impacts balance by influencing trunk stability, respiratory muscle activation, and autonomic control. The neural circuits involved in breathing and posture overlap with those responsible for attention and executive functions, suggesting that respiratory motor control may represent an interface through which cognitive and executive processes can be modulated.

For this Special Issue, we invite original studies and reviews that examine the two-way relationship between respiratory function and brain activity, including the role of respiration in modulating attention, emotional regulation, and cognitive flexibility. We especially welcome submissions that provide mechanistic insights into respiratory muscle training and neuroplasticity and their systemic effects across physical and mental domains. Contributions from across pulmonology, rehabilitation, neuroscience, and physiology are encouraged, to elucidate how specific respiratory interventions can enhance both physical and mental balance, offering fresh perspectives for integrated rehabilitation approaches.

Dr. Alexandru Florian Crisan
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • pulmonary rehabilitation
  • breathing exercises respiratory function mind–body connection balance and posture control
  • psychophysiological mechanisms
  • mental well-being
  • functional performance

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 907 KB  
Article
Breathing Under Pressure: Psychological Burden and Recovery Trajectories in Patients Receiving Non-Invasive Respiratory Support from Acute COVID-19 to Respiratory Rehabilitation
by Eleonora Volpato, Valentina Poletti, Maria Luisa de Candia, Lavinia Palma, Alessandro Pilon, Giovanna Elisiana Carpagnano, Paolo Banfi and Paola Pierucci
Med. Sci. 2026, 14(2), 270; https://doi.org/10.3390/medsci14020270 - 21 May 2026
Abstract
Background: Non-invasive respiratory supports (High-Flow Nasal Oxygen, HFNO; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, CPAP; Non-Invasive Ventilation, NIV) are frequently used in Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure (AHRF). However, the experience of assisted breathing may profoundly affect patients’ psychological balance, particularly during acute critical illness and [...] Read more.
Background: Non-invasive respiratory supports (High-Flow Nasal Oxygen, HFNO; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, CPAP; Non-Invasive Ventilation, NIV) are frequently used in Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure (AHRF). However, the experience of assisted breathing may profoundly affect patients’ psychological balance, particularly during acute critical illness and subsequent rehabilitation. Aims and objectives: This longitudinal study investigated the psychological burden associated with non-invasive respiratory support use in patients with COVID-19-related AHRF, exploring changes in psychological functioning from acute hospitalization (RICU/ICU) (T0) to follow-up, conducted at a mean of 6.0 ± 3.1 months after respiratory rehabilitation (T1). Methods: Fifty-two patients (mean age = 66.9 ± 9.17 years) were assessed at T0 and T1. Standardized measures evaluated anxiety, psychological distress, post-traumatic stress symptoms, depression, and resilience, in relation to perceived illness severity and subjective experience of non-invasive respiratory support. Results: During acute care, patients reported high levels of fear and anxiety related to illness severity and uncertainty. The experience of non-invasive respiratory support, often perceived as a marker of critical condition, was associated with increased fear and anxiety (t(14) = 2.79, p = 0.014) compared to the recovery phase, leading to feelings of loss of control and diminished psychological well-being (t(17) = 2.35, p = 0.031). However, resilience significantly improved over time (t(16) = −4.78, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Non-invasive respiratory support may represent a psychologically demanding experience, often perceived as challenging to patients’ sense of safety and control. Encouragingly, psychological adaptation and resilience can improve during rehabilitation. Integrating structured psychological support within respiratory rehabilitation pathways may promote recovery and restore psychological balance in patients requiring assisted ventilation. Full article
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