Acute and Chronic Changes in Muscle Architecture, Performance, and Body Composition Following Resistance Exercise in Different Populations

A special issue of Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology (ISSN 2411-5142). This special issue belongs to the section "Kinesiology and Biomechanics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2025) | Viewed by 712

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
Interests: resistance training; strength and power assessments; resistance training periodization; recovery; endocrine responses to resistance exercise; muscle morphology; training for muscle hypertrophy and maximal strength; field hockey
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleague,

The benefits of resistance exercise for health and physical performance in different populations are well known. Mechanical load, muscle tension and metabolic stress represent some of the main factors that induce specific adaptations and acute changes in muscle mass, muscle architecture and performance following this type of exercise. However, these parameters may vary greatly among the different types of resistance training. In addition, some methods and loading strategies are poorly represented in the scientific literature.

Thus, the aim of the present Special Issue is to gather advanced research on the acute and chronic impact of specific training strategies and methodologies on performance, muscle architecture, biochemical parameters, body composition and post-exercise recovery.

This Special Issue is supervised by Dr. Sandro Bartolomei and assisted by Dr. Federico Nigro from the University of Bologna.

Dr. Sandro Bartolomei
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • muscle architecture
  • biochemical parameters
  • body composition
  • post-exercise recovery
  • resistance exercise

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

13 pages, 754 KiB  
Article
Body Composition Benefits Diminish One Year After a Resistance Training Regimen in Breast Cancer Patients, Although Improvements in Strength, Balance, and Mobility Persist
by Colin E. Champ, Jared Rosenberg, Chris Peluso, Christie Hilton, Rhyeli Krause, Alexander K. Diaz and David J. Carpenter
J. Funct. Morphol. Kinesiol. 2025, 10(2), 165; https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk10020165 - 9 May 2025
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Abstract
Objectives: Resistance training can improve body composition and physical function during and after breast cancer treatment and improve quality of life. It is unclear whether these changes persist once a person is no longer actively enrolled in a structured exercise regimen. Thus, we [...] Read more.
Objectives: Resistance training can improve body composition and physical function during and after breast cancer treatment and improve quality of life. It is unclear whether these changes persist once a person is no longer actively enrolled in a structured exercise regimen. Thus, we analyzed participants from the EXERT-BC protocol, assessing an intense exercise regimen in women with breast cancer at one year. Methods: All the participants were asked to undergo reassessment at one year. Current exercise habits, injuries, changes in medical history, body composition, handgrip strength, functional mobility and balance, and patient-reported quality of life were assessed. Pairwise comparison was performed via the paired t test. Results: Out of 40 initial participants, 33 returned for reevaluation, with 6 lost to follow-up and 1 with unrelated hospitalization. The median age was 57.8 years, and stage at diagnosis was 1. Weekly exercise was reported by 16 participants (48.5%), with 14 of the 16 following structured resistance training. Between completion of the EXERT-BC and one year follow-up, five women (15.2%) experienced musculoskeletal injuries, which inhibited their ability to exercise. Three women (9%), who were no longer exercising experienced orthopedic injuries requiring medical intervention. The significant reduction in percent body fat, total body fat, excess fat, and increases in muscle mass, resting metabolic rate, and whole-body phase angle dissipated at 1 year. Activity levels and quality of life were no longer significantly improved. However, strength, mobility, and balance remained significantly improved versus pre-exercise measurements, whether a participant was still engaged in exercise or not. Conclusions: After a 3-month dose-escalated resistance training regimen, exercise compliance was poor at one year. The anthropomorphic benefits of the regimen regressed by one year; however, the improvements in strength, balance, and mobility persisted. Full article
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