Obesity Cardiomyopathy

A special issue of Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease (ISSN 2308-3425). This special issue belongs to the section "Acquired Cardiovascular Disease".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2023)

Special Issue Editor

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Obesity is a growing worldwide disease and a risk factor for the development of heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Isolated obesity can directly cause cardiomyopathy in humans though its effect on cardiac function and structure may not be easily isolated from those of comorbidities, such as hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and coronary artery disease. Additionally, obesity per se leads to increased blood volumes along with decreased systemic arterial resistance, resulting in high cardiac output and subsequent cardiac adaptations in structure and function. In any case, obesity and its related comorbidities affect cardiac physiology in an additive and/or synergetic fashion. They can directly attack the myocardium and also coronary arteries by provoking muscle injury and endothelial dysfunction, respectively, leading to cardiomyopathy and vasculopathy. In this scenario, inflammation, hypertrophy and apoptosis are the main tissue responses. Additionally, an increase in fat and fiber depositions as events of steatosis and fibrosis, can worsen the cardiovascular function. Unfortunately, the underlying molecular mechanisms have not yet been discovered, leading to a lack of effective therapeutic strategies and prognostic biomarkers. Likely, alterations in cardiac metabolism might be initial precursors of the cardiac dysfunction under an obesogenic milieu.

Dr. Óscar Lorenzo González
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • obesity
  • cardiomyopathy
  • cardiac function
  • risk factor
  • cardiac morphology
  • dyslipidemia

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 1216 KiB  
Article
Discriminative Utility of Apelin-to-NT-Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide Ratio for Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
by Alexander A. Berezin, Ivan M. Fushtey and Alexander E. Berezin
J. Cardiovasc. Dev. Dis. 2022, 9(1), 23; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcdd9010023 - 12 Jan 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2672
Abstract
Background: Apelin is a regulatory vasoactive peptide, which plays a pivotal role in adverse cardiac remodeling and heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether serum levels of apelin is associated with HF with preserved [...] Read more.
Background: Apelin is a regulatory vasoactive peptide, which plays a pivotal role in adverse cardiac remodeling and heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether serum levels of apelin is associated with HF with preserved election fraction (HFpEF) in patients with T2DM. Methods: The study retrospectively involved 101 T2DM patients aged 41 to 62 years (48 patients with HFpEF and 28 non-HFpEF patients). The healthy control group consisted of 25 individuals with matched age and sex. Data collection included demographic and anthropometric information, hemodynamic performances and biomarkers of the disease. Transthoracic B-mode echocardiography, Doppler and TDI were performed at baseline. Serum levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and apelin were measured by ELISA in all patients at the study entry. Results: Unadjusted multivariate logistic model yielded the only apelin to NT-proBNP ratio (OR = 1.44; p = 0.001), BMI > 34 кг/м2 (OR = 1.07; p = 0.036), NT-proBNP > 458 pmol/mL (OR = 1.17; p = 0.042), LAVI > 34 mL/m2 (OR = 1.06; p = 0.042) and E/e’ > 11 (OR = 1.04; p = 0.044) remained to be strong predictors for HFpEF. After obesity adjustment, multivariate logistic regression showed that the apelin to NT-proBNP ratio < 0.82 × 10−2 units remained sole independent predictor for HFpEF (OR = 1.44; 95% CI: 1.18–2.77; p = 0.001) HFpEF in T2DM patients. In conclusion, we found that apelin to NT-proBNP ratio < 0.82 × 10−2 units better predicted HFpEF in T2DM patients than apelin and NT-proBNP alone. This finding could open new approach for CV risk stratification of T2DM at higher risk of HF. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Obesity Cardiomyopathy)
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