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Diet, Lifestyle Factors and Mental Health

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Mental Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (16 March 2023) | Viewed by 6275

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Health and Wellness Studies Department, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13890, USA
Interests: diet; exercise; sleep; substance abuse; mental distress

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Emerging evidence has revealed that diet quality impacts mental health. Several nutrients contribute to brain chemistry and provide structural support for various brain regions. Dietary patterns are also associated with mental health as several dietary factors work in conjunction to modulate brain function. However, confounding factors, such as sleep, stress, exercise, and substance use, which may alter the mediating effect of diet on mental health, must also be considered. Interestingly, brain morphology differs between men and women, which may necessitate customization of dietary recommendations. In addition, brain maturity development continues into the mid-20s, which requires investigation into pre-maturity versus post-maturity dietary needs to support the dynamic brain.  Hence, this Special Issue is inviting papers that address these gaps in the literature to help piece together the bigger picture of the impact of diet and lifestyle factors on mental health in young and mature men and women.

Dr. Lina Begdache
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • diet
  • exercise
  • sleep
  • sex differences
  • mental health
  • brain

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1223 KiB  
Article
Effect of Oral Administration of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SNK12 on Temporary Stress in Adults: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group Study
by Takumi Watanabe, Kyoko Hayashi, Tsuyoshi Takara, Takumi Teratani, Joji Kitayama and Toshio Kawahara
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(15), 8936; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19158936 - 22 Jul 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2493
Abstract
Mouse studies have reported anti-stress effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SNK12 (SNK). Specifically, oral SNK administration increased mRNA levels of hippocampal neurotrophic factor and gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor in mice with sub-chronic mild stress-induced social defeat; moreover, it improved depressive behavior. We aimed to evaluate [...] Read more.
Mouse studies have reported anti-stress effects of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum SNK12 (SNK). Specifically, oral SNK administration increased mRNA levels of hippocampal neurotrophic factor and gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor in mice with sub-chronic mild stress-induced social defeat; moreover, it improved depressive behavior. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of SNK ingestion against stress in healthy adults. We used the Uchida–Kraepelin test for the stress load, with a low-dose (50 mg/day), high-dose (150 mg/day), and placebo groups (dextrin). The primary outcome was the psychological evaluation as measured by the Profile of Mood States 2nd Edition (POMS2) using total mood disturbance (TMD) scores. The secondary outcomes were the score of each POMS2 item, salivary cortisol as a stress marker, and autonomic balance with the low frequency (LF)/ high frequency (HF) ratio. Compared with the placebo group, the SNK ingestion group showed significantly lower TMD scores. Additionally, compared with the placebo group, the high-dose group showed significantly lower scores for Tension-Anxiety and Confusion-Bewilderment, while the low-dose group showed significantly lower Anger-Hostility scores, salivary cortisol levels, and LF/HF scores. Our findings suggest that SNK ingestion could relieve stress (negative feelings, anxiety, tension, embarrassment, confusion, anger, and hostility) resulting from the temporary load caused by work and study. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Lifestyle Factors and Mental Health)
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17 pages, 612 KiB  
Article
Dietary Factors, Time of the Week, Physical Fitness and Saliva Cortisol: Their Modulatory Effect on Mental Distress and Mood
by Lina Begdache, Saloumeh Sadeghzadeh, Paul Pearlmutter, Gia Derose, Pragna Krishnamurthy and Ahyeon Koh
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(12), 7001; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19127001 - 08 Jun 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2003
Abstract
Background: The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of diet quality and physical fitness on saliva cortisol, mood, and mental distress. These relationships were compared between a peak weekday (Wednesday) and a weekend day (Saturday) when mood may fluctuate. Methods: [...] Read more.
Background: The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of diet quality and physical fitness on saliva cortisol, mood, and mental distress. These relationships were compared between a peak weekday (Wednesday) and a weekend day (Saturday) when mood may fluctuate. Methods: Forty-eight healthy college students participated in the study. Participants completed the Mood and Anxiety Symptom (MASQ) and Kessler Psychological Distress Scale 10 questionnaires on Wednesday and Saturday and recorded their diet for three days. Saliva was collected before and after a workout for cortisol extraction. Results: SA had significantly higher saliva cortisol levels post-workout but lower MASQ scores on Saturday (p < 0.05). There was a very significant association between MASQ scores on Wednesday (p = 0.005), which became less significant on Saturday. In addition, lower BMI values and high-fat consumption were associated with higher cortisol levels after exercise (p < 0.05). Conclusions: There is a strong link between dietary factors, cortisol levels, mood, and time of the week. In addition, our results suggest that saliva cortisol levels may not be directly linked to negative affect but are influenced by diet quality when mental distress exists. In addition, physical fitness may play a role in improving mood during weekends. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Lifestyle Factors and Mental Health)
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12 pages, 501 KiB  
Article
Profiles of Sleep Duration and Psychological Distress among Puerto Ricans Living in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Survey and Latent Class Analysis
by Kevin Villalobos, Francisco A. Montiel Ishino and Faustine Williams
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(11), 6363; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116363 - 24 May 2022
Viewed by 1343
Abstract
Sleep duration affects physiological functioning and mental health outcomes among Hispanics/Latinos. The limited research reports that Hispanic/Latino subpopulations like Puerto Ricans carry a disproportionate burden. To understand this burden, we identified profiles of sleep duration by psychological distress among Puerto Rican adults (N [...] Read more.
Sleep duration affects physiological functioning and mental health outcomes among Hispanics/Latinos. The limited research reports that Hispanic/Latino subpopulations like Puerto Ricans carry a disproportionate burden. To understand this burden, we identified profiles of sleep duration by psychological distress among Puerto Rican adults (N = 4443) using latent class analysis on 2010–2019 National Health Interview Survey data. The outcome of sleep was constructed from self-reports of sleep duration and difficulties falling and staying asleep. Sleep duration was categorized as short sleep (≤6 h), normal sleep (7 to 8 h), and long sleep (≥9 h). Mental health indicators included psychological distress items from the Kessler-6 scale. Health behaviors (nicotine and alcohol use), weight (calculated body mass index), food security, acculturative factors (language use), and socio-economic/socio-demographic covariates were considered to further differentiate profiles. Six profiles were identified: troubled shortest sleep (5.0% of sample) with high psychological distress; highly troubled short sleep (8.0%) with little psychological distress; some disturbed and shortened sleep (10.0%) with moderate psychological distress; undisturbed and shortened sleep (28.0%) with little psychological distress; normal/average sleep (49.0%); and long sleep (1.0%) with moderate psychological distress. While our study is among the first to identify profiles that are at the highest mental health risk due to sleep issues, the findings and approach help examine the complex disparity among Puerto Ricans to then leverage complex survey data for interventional designs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Lifestyle Factors and Mental Health)
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