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Pharmaceutical Pollution in Aquatic Ecosystems: Public Health Risks and Sustainable Solutions

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Sciences".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2026 | Viewed by 877

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Research and Development Board, Ezequiel Dias Foundation, Belo Horizonte 30510010, Brazil
Interests: solid waste; waste management; environment; public health

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to invite submissions for this Special Issue addressing the critical nexus between pharmaceutical pollution in water bodies and human health impacts. As active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) increasingly contaminate rivers, lakes, and groundwater via wastewater, agricultural runoff, and improper waste disposal. Their presence poses direct threats to public health, disease prevention, and community well-being. This Issue seeks research that bridges environmental science and health protection, offering actionable strategies to mitigate risks.

We welcome original studies, reviews, and case studies that explore

  • Pharmaceutical waste streams in wastewater and their environmental fate;
  • Cost-effective technologies for API removal in water treatment, with evidence of health risk reduction;
  • Circular economy approaches for reducing drug pollution from solid waste;
  • Advanced treatment technologies for pharmaceutical contaminants in waste-derived effluents;
  • Regulatory gaps and extended producer responsibility (EPR) schemes for medication disposal;

This interdisciplinary call targets researchers in public health, environmental medicine, ecotoxicology, and water engineering. Submissions must explicitly connect findings to health promotion, disease prevention, or quality-of-life improvements, aligning with the journal's mission.

Dr. Marcos Paulo Gomes Mol
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • pharmaceutical pollution
  • public health
  • ecotoxicology
  • antimicrobial resistance
  • wastewater pollution
  • water contamination
  • aquatic ecosystems pollution
  • human exposure pathways
  • pollution prevention
  • water treatment technologies

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

15 pages, 1410 KB  
Article
Ecotoxicological Assessment and Biodegradation of Prednisone by Aquatic Microorganisms
by Érika Michelle Miranda, Paula von Randow Cardoso, Carolina Paula de Souza Moreira and Marcos Paulo Gomes Mol
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2026, 23(4), 530; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph23040530 - 18 Apr 2026
Viewed by 490
Abstract
The increasing consumption of pharmaceuticals associated with global population growth has intensified concerns regarding their release into aquatic environments and potential ecotoxicological effects. In this context, this study evaluated the ecotoxicity and biodegradation of the widely used corticosteroid prednisone. Ecotoxicity assays were performed [...] Read more.
The increasing consumption of pharmaceuticals associated with global population growth has intensified concerns regarding their release into aquatic environments and potential ecotoxicological effects. In this context, this study evaluated the ecotoxicity and biodegradation of the widely used corticosteroid prednisone. Ecotoxicity assays were performed using aquatic organisms representing different trophic levels: Artemia salina (microcrustacean), Aliivibrio fischeri (marine bacterium), and the cyanobacterium Microcystis novacekii. Biodegradation assays were conducted using M. novacekii. Prednisone was tested at concentrations ranging from 5 to 100 mg/L, corresponding to its maximum solubility in water. All experiments were carried out in accordance with standardized protocols (ABNT NBR 16530, ABNT NBR 15411-3, ISO 11348-3, and OECD 201). No toxic effects were observed for prednisone in any of the tested organisms, as responses at all tested concentrations, including the highest, were not significantly different from the control. Therefore, it was not possible to estimate EC50 values within the tested concentration range. According to the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS), substances with effect concentrations above 100 mg/L are considered non-toxic to aquatic organisms. During biodegradation assays, a reduction in prednisone concentration was observed during the growth of M. novacekii, which was associated with an increase in the pH of the culture medium. These results suggest that prednisone degradation occurred indirectly through pH changes caused by cyanobacterial growth rather than through direct metabolic pathways. Full article
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