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Hydrogen
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Advances in Hydrogen Production, Storage, and Utilization
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Advances in Hydrogen Production, Storage, and Utilization

A special issue of Hydrogen (ISSN 2673-4141).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 2073

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Guo-Ming Weng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hydrogen Science & Center of Hydrogen Science, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
Interests: hydrogen production; waste recycling; electrochemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Hydrogen stands at the forefront of the global transition toward sustainable and decarbonized energy systems. As a clean, versatile energy carrier with the potential to decouple energy production from carbon emissions, hydrogen offers transformative opportunities across multiple sectors—from industry and transportation to power generation and storage. Recent years have witnessed remarkable advancements in hydrogen technologies, driven by the urgent need to meet climate targets, enhance energy security, and foster economic resilience.

This Special Issue "Advances in Hydrogen Production, Storage, and Utilization" aims to provide a comprehensive platform for the dissemination of cutting-edge research, innovative technologies, and critical insights across the hydrogen value chain. Contributions are invited that span fundamental studies and applied research, covering topics such as novel production pathways (including, but not limited to, electrolysis, photochemical, thermochemical, and biological processes), advanced storage materials and systems, and emerging applications in fuel cells, industrial processes, and integrated energy networks.

We particularly welcome interdisciplinary approaches that bridge materials science, engineering, chemistry, and policy perspectives, as well as studies that address the economic, environmental, and social dimensions of hydrogen technologies. By gathering a diverse range of high-quality research articles, reviews, and case studies, this Special Issue seeks to foster dialogue, inspire innovation, and accelerate the deployment of hydrogen solutions at scale.

We warmly invite researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to contribute their latest findings and perspectives to this Special Issue and join us in advancing the frontiers of hydrogen science and technology.

Dr. Guo-Ming Weng
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Hydrogen is an international peer-reviewed open access quarterly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • hydrogen production
  • hydrogen storage
  • hydrogen utilization
  • hydrogen energy transition
  • sustainable energy systems

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Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 5143 KB  
Article
An Efficient Finite Element Model to Predict the Mechanical Response of Metallic-Reinforced Pressure Vessels
by Ana Lucía León Razo, Miguel Ernesto Gutierrez Rivera, Carlos Enrique Valencia Murillo, Elias Rigoberto Ledesma Orozco and Israel Martinez Ramirez
Hydrogen 2025, 6(3), 55; https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen6030055 - 6 Aug 2025
Viewed by 303
Abstract
In the design of pressure vessels for hydrogen storage, the durability and robustness of the designs are tested by using experimental methods, numerical simulations, or both. However, in the initial design phase, it is widely known that using numerical simulation tools reduces the [...] Read more.
In the design of pressure vessels for hydrogen storage, the durability and robustness of the designs are tested by using experimental methods, numerical simulations, or both. However, in the initial design phase, it is widely known that using numerical simulation tools reduces the cost of performing experiments; therefore, models that provide accurate and reliable results must be developed. This work presents an axisymmetric finite element model to predict the mechanical response of reinforced wire pressure vessels of type II. The main contribution of the present model is the use of equivalent properties and a minor number of contact elements to simulate the behavior of the wire reinforcement, which reduces the computational effort compared to a model with a solid-based mesh. The accuracy of the proposed model is tested against solid elements with very good agreement and experimental results with reasonable agreement. A parametric study was conducted to test the influence of the number of layers of reinforcement, and it was concluded that there is a limit to increasing the number of layers, which does not increase the vessel’s strength considerably, but it does with its mass. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Hydrogen Production, Storage, and Utilization)
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25 pages, 2540 KB  
Article
Classification Framework for Hydrological Resources for Sustainable Hydrogen Production with a Predictive Algorithm for Optimization
by Mónica Álvarez-Manso, Gabriel Búrdalo-Salcedo and María Fernández-Raga
Hydrogen 2025, 6(3), 54; https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen6030054 - 6 Aug 2025
Viewed by 324
Abstract
Given the urgent need to decarbonize the global energy system, green hydrogen has emerged as a key alternative in the transition to renewables. However, its production via electrolysis demands high water quality and raises environmental concerns, particularly regarding reject water discharge. This study [...] Read more.
Given the urgent need to decarbonize the global energy system, green hydrogen has emerged as a key alternative in the transition to renewables. However, its production via electrolysis demands high water quality and raises environmental concerns, particularly regarding reject water discharge. This study employs an experimental and analytical approach to define optimal water characteristics for electrolysis, focusing on conductivity as a key parameter. A pilot water treatment plant with reverse osmosis and electrodeionization (EDI) was designed to simulate industrial-scale pretreatment. Twenty water samples from diverse natural sources (surface and groundwater) were tested, selected for geographical and geological variability. A predictive algorithm was developed and validated to estimate useful versus reject water based on input quality. Three conductivity-based categories were defined: optimal (0–410 µS/cm), moderate (411–900 µS/cm), and restricted (>900 µS/cm). Results show that water quality significantly affects process efficiency, energy use, waste generation, and operating costs. This work offers a technical and regulatory framework for assessing potential sites for green hydrogen plants, recommending avoidance of high-conductivity sources. It also underscores the current regulatory gap regarding reject water treatment, stressing the need for clear environmental guidelines to ensure project sustainability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Hydrogen Production, Storage, and Utilization)
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25 pages, 5958 KB  
Article
Comparative Designs for Standalone Critical Loads Between PV/Battery and PV/Hydrogen Systems
by Ahmed Lotfy, Wagdy Refaat Anis, Fatma Newagy and Sameh Mostafa Mohamed
Hydrogen 2025, 6(3), 46; https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen6030046 - 5 Jul 2025
Viewed by 483
Abstract
This study presents the design and techno-economic comparison of two standalone photovoltaic (PV) systems, each supplying a 1 kW critical load with 100% reliability under Cairo’s climatic conditions. These systems are modeled for both the constant and the night load scenarios, accounting for [...] Read more.
This study presents the design and techno-economic comparison of two standalone photovoltaic (PV) systems, each supplying a 1 kW critical load with 100% reliability under Cairo’s climatic conditions. These systems are modeled for both the constant and the night load scenarios, accounting for the worst-case weather conditions involving 3.5 consecutive cloudy days. The primary comparison focuses on traditional lead-acid battery storage versus green hydrogen storage via electrolysis, compression, and fuel cell reconversion. Both the configurations are simulated using a Python-based tool that calculates hourly energy balance, component sizing, and economic performance over a 21-year project lifetime. The results show that the PV/H2 system significantly outperforms the PV/lead-acid battery system in both the cost and the reliability. For the constant load, the Levelized Cost of Electricity (LCOE) drops from 0.52 USD/kWh to 0.23 USD/kWh (a 56% reduction), and the payback period is shortened from 16 to 7 years. For the night load, the LCOE improves from 0.67 to 0.36 USD/kWh (a 46% reduction). A supplementary cost analysis using lithium-ion batteries was also conducted. While Li-ion improves the economics compared to lead-acid (LCOE of 0.41 USD/kWh for the constant load and 0.49 USD/kWh for the night load), this represents a 21% and a 27% reduction, respectively. However, the green hydrogen system remains the most cost-effective and scalable storage solution for achieving 100% reliability in critical off-grid applications. These findings highlight the potential of green hydrogen as a sustainable and economically viable energy storage pathway, capable of reducing energy costs while ensuring long-term resilience. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Hydrogen Production, Storage, and Utilization)
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Review

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30 pages, 3940 KB  
Review
Hydrogen-Enabled Power Systems: Technologies’ Options Overview and Effect on the Balance of Plant
by Furat Dawood, GM Shafiullah and Martin Anda
Hydrogen 2025, 6(3), 57; https://doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen6030057 - 13 Aug 2025
Viewed by 495
Abstract
Hydrogen-based Power Systems (H2PSs) are gaining accelerating momentum globally to reduce energy costs and dependency on fossil fuels. A H2PS typically comprises three main parts: hydrogen production, storage, and power generation, called packages. A review of the literature and Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) [...] Read more.
Hydrogen-based Power Systems (H2PSs) are gaining accelerating momentum globally to reduce energy costs and dependency on fossil fuels. A H2PS typically comprises three main parts: hydrogen production, storage, and power generation, called packages. A review of the literature and Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) datasheets reveals that no single manufacturer supplies all H2PS components, posing significant challenges in system design, parts integration, and safety assurance. Additionally, both the literature and H2PS projects’ database highlight a gap in a systematic hydrogen equipment and auxiliary sub-systems technology selection process, and how this selection affects the overall H2PS Balance of Plant (BoP). This study addresses that gap by providing a guideline for available technology options and their impact on the H2PS-BoP. The analysis compares packages and auxiliary sub-system technologies to support informed engineering decisions regarding technology and equipment selection. The study finds that each package’s technology influences the selection criteria of the other packages and the associated BoP requirements. Furthermore, the choice of technologies across packages significantly affects overall system integrity and BoP. These interdependencies are illustrated using a cause-and-effect matrix. The study’s significance lies in establishing a structured guideline for engineering design and operations, enhancing the accuracy of feasibility studies, and accelerating the global implementation of H2PS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Hydrogen Production, Storage, and Utilization)
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