Environmental Archaeology: Reconstructing Historical Landscapes in Long-Inhabited Estuarine Areas

A special issue of Heritage (ISSN 2571-9408). This special issue belongs to the section "Archaeological Heritage".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 January 2027 | Viewed by 1720

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Laboratório de Arqueociências (LARC) | Património Cultural, I.P., IDL—Instituto Dom Luiz, UNIARQ—Centro de Arqueologia da Universidade de Lisboa, BIOPOLIS | CIBIO, Lisbon, Portugal
Interests: geoarchaeology; coastal geology; environmental evolution; sedimentology

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Guest Editor
Geology Department, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, IDL—Instituto Dom Luiz, Lisbon, Portugal
Interests: coastal geology; environmental reconstruction; sedimentology; coastal processes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to invite you to submit research contributions to this Special Issue entitled “Environmental Archaeology: Reconstructing Historical Landscapes in Long-Inhabited Estuarine Areas”.

Estuaries are boundary spaces where land meets the sea providing shelter, space, and abundant natural resources for human populations. Estuaries also offer access to and ensure connectivity between rivers and seas, enabling a wide range of social and economic activities. Due to these circumstances and the general attraction of the sea to humans, estuarine areas have been inhabited since prehistoric times, often becoming centres of population concentration characterised by fast urban growth. Over time, the human presence in estuarine-adjacent areas has led to natural and artificial modifications of the landscape and coastal margins, resulting in changes in environmental conditions, vegetation cover, and promoting the advance, regression, or disappearance of marginal areas; namely, beaches, dunes, marshes, or low subtidal environments.   

In turn, estuarine basins are sediment sinks for materials transported downstream by the hydrographic network, materials moving landward from the sea due to the action of tides and littoral drift, and materials generated by anthropogenic activities, such as urban runoff and agricultural and industrial waste. For these reasons, the sedimentary infilling of estuaries around the world provides important records of past natural and anthropogenic changes.  

The aim of this Special Issue is to gather together papers (original research articles and review papers) that provide insights into the morphological, sedimentological, and environmental changes in estuarine areas through time, particularly those located near long-established cities and subjected to anthropogenic pressures over long periods of time.

This Special Issue welcomes manuscripts related to, but not limited to:

  • The environmental evolution of estuarine areas during the Holocene, shaped by both natural processes and anthropogenic influences;
  • Morphological, sedimentological, and environmental changes along estuarine margins during historical periods;
  • Changes in emersed and subaquatic landscapes driven by human occupation and land use.

We look forward to receiving your original research articles and reviews.

Dr. Ana Maria Costa
Prof. Dr. Maria da Conceição Freitas
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Heritage is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • environmental evolution
  • geoarchaeology
  • environmental proxies
  • sedimentology
  • sedimentary records
  • estuarine cities

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

27 pages, 82949 KB  
Article
Unveiling the Unknown Gela Coastal Paleoenvironments (Sicily Island, Southern Italy) During Late Holocene: New Tools for the Greek Harbour Site Location
by Giuseppe Aiello, Vincenzo Amato, Diana Barra, Emanuele Colica, Sebastiano D’Amico, Roberta Parisi, Antonella Santostefano and Grazia Spagnolo
Heritage 2026, 9(1), 41; https://doi.org/10.3390/heritage9010041 - 22 Jan 2026
Viewed by 1163
Abstract
The ancient city of Gela (built in the 7th century BCE) is located in the southern sector of the Sicily Island (Southern Italy) on a Pleistocene marine terrace near the mouth of the Gela River. Gela was one of the most important Greek [...] Read more.
The ancient city of Gela (built in the 7th century BCE) is located in the southern sector of the Sicily Island (Southern Italy) on a Pleistocene marine terrace near the mouth of the Gela River. Gela was one of the most important Greek colonies in the Mediterranean Sea, strategically positioned at the crossroads of the major maritime trade routes and with a rich production of cereals thanks to the fertile Gela River alluvial plain. To reconstruct the coastal and environmental configuration during the Greek period and to improve the understanding of the location of the harbour basin, a multidisciplinary approach was applied to a sector of the Gela River alluvial–coastal plain. This area, located very close to the ancient city, is known as Conca (Italian for “Basin”) and was identified through the analysis of historical and modern maps as well as aerial photographs. The multidisciplinary approach includes geomorphology (derived from maps and aerial photos), stratigraphy (boreholes and archeological trench), paleoecology (ostracoda, foraminifera and fossil contents of selected layers), geochronology (14C dating of selected organic materials) and archeology (historical sources and maps, pottery fragments extracted from boreholes and trench layers). The main results show that this area was occupied by lower shoreface environments in the time intervals between 4.4 and 2.8 ka, which progressively transitioned to upper shoreface environments until the Greek age. During the Roman period, these environments were significantly reduced due to repeated alluvial sedimentation of the Gela River transforming the area into fluvial–marshy environments. A time interval of aeolian sand deposition was recorded in the upper part of the coastal stratigraphical succession, which can be related to climatic conditions with high aridity. Available data show that marine environments persisted in the Conca sector during the Greek age, allowing hypothesizing the presence of an ancient harbour in this area. The depth of the Greek age marine environments is estimated to be between 4.5 and 7 m below the current ground level. Further investigation, mainly based on geophysical and stratigraphical methods, will be planned aimed at identifying the presence of buried archeological targets. Full article
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