Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older People: Second Edition

A special issue of Healthcare (ISSN 2227-9032). This special issue belongs to the section "Community Care".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2025 | Viewed by 2618

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Health, Sports and Social Work, Inholland University of Applied Sciences, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Interests: nursing; quality of life; gerontology; patient education; geriatric; nursing instrument development; geriatric assessment; geriatric psychiatry; medication adherence; aging research; elderly; questionnaire design
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Dear Colleagues,

With a growing geriatric population worldwide, frailty is becoming an increasingly important topic because it is often closely related to aging. To address the challenges resulting from the aging population, services and policies are increasingly focused on independently living in the community rather than relying on institutions, e.g., nursing homes. This fits the wishes of many older people, who prefer to stay in their own homes for as long as possible.

However, frail older people living independently in the community have a high risk of adverse outcomes such as lower quality of life and disability and an increase in healthcare utilization (e.g., hospitalization and institutionalization) and mortality. Therefore, it is important to identify frail community-dwelling older people as early as possible and to implement interventions that can prevent or delay poor outcomes. Therefore, it is important that we gain more knowledge about the assessment of frailty, determinants of frailty, the associations between frailty and adverse outcomes, perspectives of healthcare professionals on frailty (e.g., general practitioners and nurses, ), and, most importantly, how to prevent frailty or poor outcomes. For example, we still lack knowledge on which interventions can prevent physical, psychological, and social frailty.

This Special Issue of Healthcare seeks commentaries, original research, short reports, and reviews on frailty in community-dwelling older people. Both contributions based on quantitative and qualitative research can be submitted.

Prof. Dr. Robbert Gobbens
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • frailty
  • community-dwelling older people
  • primary care
  • prevention
  • disability
  • quality of life
  • healthcare utilization
  • mortality
  • measurement
  • determinants

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 285 KiB  
Article
Predicting Outcomes in Frail Older Community-Dwellers in Western Australia: Results from the Community Assessment of Risk Screening and Treatment Strategies (CARTS) Programme
by Roger M. Clarnette, Ivan Kostov, Jill P. Ryan, Anton Svendrovski, D. William Molloy and Rónán O’Caoimh
Healthcare 2024, 12(13), 1339; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare12131339 - 5 Jul 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 688
Abstract
Understanding risk factors for frailty, functional decline and incidence of adverse healthcare outcomes amongst community-dwelling older adults is important to plan population-level health and social care services. We examined variables associated with one-year risk of institutionalisation, hospitalisation and death among patients assessed in [...] Read more.
Understanding risk factors for frailty, functional decline and incidence of adverse healthcare outcomes amongst community-dwelling older adults is important to plan population-level health and social care services. We examined variables associated with one-year risk of institutionalisation, hospitalisation and death among patients assessed in their own home by a community-based Aged Care Assessment Team (ACAT) in Western Australia. Frailty and risk were measured using the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) and Risk Instrument for Screening in the Community (RISC), respectively. Predictive accuracy was measured from the area under the curve (AUC). Data from 417 patients, median 82 ± 10 years, were included. At 12-month follow-up, 22.5% (n = 94) were institutionalised, 44.6% (n = 186) were hospitalised at least once and 9.8% (n = 41) had died. Frailty was common, median CFS score 6/9 ± 1, and significantly associated with institutionalisation (p = 0.001), hospitalisation (p = 0.007) and death (p < 0.001). Impaired activities of daily living (ADL) measured on the RISC had moderate correlation with admission to long-term care (r = 0.51) and significantly predicted institutionalisation (p < 0.001) and death (p = 0.01). The RISC had the highest accuracy for institutionalisation (AUC 0.76). The CFS and RISC had fair to good accuracy for mortality (AUC of 0.69 and 0.74, respectively), but neither accurately predicted hospitalisation. Home assessment of community-dwelling older patients by an ACAT in Western Australia revealed high levels of frailty, ADL impairment and incident adverse outcomes, suggesting that anticipatory care planning is imperative for these patients. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older People: Second Edition)

Review

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14 pages, 1919 KiB  
Review
What If the Clinical and Older Adults’ Perspectives about Frailty Converge? A Call for a Mixed Conceptual Model of Frailty: A Traditional Literature Review
by Asya Hani Khalil and Robbert J. J. Gobbens
Healthcare 2023, 11(24), 3174; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare11243174 - 15 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1399
Abstract
Existing frailty models have enhanced research and practice; however, none of the models accounts for the perspective of older adults upon defining and operationalizing frailty. We aim to propose a mixed conceptual model that builds on the integral model while accounting for older [...] Read more.
Existing frailty models have enhanced research and practice; however, none of the models accounts for the perspective of older adults upon defining and operationalizing frailty. We aim to propose a mixed conceptual model that builds on the integral model while accounting for older adults’ perceptions and lived experiences of frailty. We conducted a traditional literature review to address frailty attributes, risk factors, consequences, perceptions, and lived experiences of older adults with frailty. Frailty attributes are vulnerability/susceptibility, aging, dynamic, complex, physical, psychological, and social. Frailty perceptions and lived experience themes/subthemes are refusing frailty labeling, being labeled “by others” as compared to “self-labeling”, from the perception of being frail towards acting as being frail, positive self-image, skepticism about frailty screening, communicating the term “frail”, and negative and positive impacts and experiences of frailty. Frailty risk factors are classified into socio-demographic, biological, physical, psychological/cognitive, behavioral, and situational/environmental factors. The consequences of frailty affect the individual, the caregiver/family, the healthcare sector, and society. The mixed conceptual model of frailty consists of interacting risk factors, interacting attributes surrounded by the older adult’s perception and lived experience, and interacting consequences at multiple levels. The mixed conceptual model provides a lens to qualify frailty in addition to quantifying it. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older People: Second Edition)
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