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Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: A Key Player in Cardiovascular Disease Management
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Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: A Key Player in Cardiovascular Disease Management

A special issue of Healthcare (ISSN 2227-9032). This special issue belongs to the section "Chronic Care".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 717

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Pietro Pugliatti

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Guest Editor
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
Interests: cardiology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are delighted to announce this Special Issue entitled “Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: A Key Player in Cardiovascular Disease Management”.

The cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) has proven to be an excellent tool for the functional assessment of patients with cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, its use has expanded beyond ischemic heart disease and heart failure to include a variety of other conditions. These include cardiomyopathies (such as amyloidosis, hypertrophic phenocopies, and dilated and restrictive cardiomyopathies), pulmonary embolism, inflammatory myocardial conditions, and the assessment of patients undergoing oncological therapies within the field of cardio-oncology. Additionally, the CPET has shown value in evaluating valvular heart diseases and congenital heart diseases in grown-up congenital heart disease (GUCH) patients.

The emerging role of the CPET has garnered increasing attention from the cardiology community, emphasizing its diverse diagnostic capabilities and invaluable support in therapeutic management. Its ability to accurately measure functional capacity, peak oxygen uptake (VO2), and other critical parameters makes it indispensable in the comprehensive management of cardiovascular diseases.

We invite our colleagues to submit original articles and review articles that can shed light on the application of the CPET in specific settings of cardiovascular diseases. The emphasis should be on its utility and potential applications, underscoring the importance of this functional test.

Sincerely,

Dr. Pietro Pugliatti
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Healthcare is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cardiopulmonary exercise test
  • functional capacity
  • peak oxygen uptake (VO2)
  • cardiovascular diseases
  • heart failure

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

10 pages, 658 KiB  
Article
Smartwatch-Derived VO2max Prediction Model for Korean Adults: Utilizing Heart Rate and GPS Data from the 12-Minute Cooper Test
by Kihyuk Lee, Dohee Kim, Sungeun Shin, Hongjun Choi, Ahyun Jang and Jinwook Chung
Healthcare 2025, 13(7), 722; https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare13070722 - 25 Mar 2025
Viewed by 437
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Recent technological advancements enable smartwatches to measure running distance and heart rate using wearable sensors. This study aimed to analyze the validity of the 12 min Cooper test using a smartwatch and to develop an accurate VO2max prediction model for Korean [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Recent technological advancements enable smartwatches to measure running distance and heart rate using wearable sensors. This study aimed to analyze the validity of the 12 min Cooper test using a smartwatch and to develop an accurate VO2max prediction model for Korean adults. Methods: A total of 104 adults (53 males: age 35.00 ± 6.1 years, BMI 24.71 ± 3.13; 51 females: age 34.82 ± 6.07 years, BMI 22.24 ± 2.66) participated. VO2max was measured using a maximal graded treadmill test. Participants performed the Cooper test while wearing a smartwatch, which collected average heart rate, peak heart rate, and running distance. Sex, height, and weight were also included as predictor variables. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to develop a VO2max prediction equation. Model accuracy was assessed using R2 and the standard error of the estimate (SEE). Results: The developed VO2max prediction equation was VO2max = 27.620 + 6.358 (sex; male = 1, female = 0) − 0.012 (height) − 0.202 (weight) − 0.036 (mean HR) + 0.039 (peak HR) + 0.012 (distance) (R2 = 0.853, SEE = 3.176 mL/kg/min, p < 0.001). The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) between measured and predicted VO2max using the smartwatch was 0.961, compared to 0.925 for traditional methods. The explanatory power was 86.0% (SEE = 3.024 mL/kg/min) versus 81.0% (SEE = 3.516 mL/kg/min). Conclusions: The smartwatch-based VO2max prediction model demonstrated higher accuracy than traditional methods. This equation is recommended for more precise VO2max estimation in Korean adults. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing: A Key Player in Cardiovascular Disease Management)
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