Inherited Retinal Diseases: Genetic Research and Novel Therapeutic Prospects

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Human Genomics and Genetic Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 September 2025 | Viewed by 488

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Ophthalmology, Semmelweis University, 1085 Budapest, Hungary
2. Institute for Ophthalmic Research, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
Interests: retinal diseases; ophthalmic disorders; inherited retinal diseases; ophthalmogenetics
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are delighted to extend our invitation to contribute to this Special Issue, titled "Inherited Retinal Diseases: Genetic Research and Novel Therapeutic Prospects". Inherited retinal disorders (IRDs) comprise a set of rare diseases, whose remarkable genetic diversity has been demonstrated by the identification of over 300 genes to date which contribute to retinal dystrophies, resulting in the functional and structural impairment of retinal cells, primarily photoreceptors or the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE).

This Special Issue seeks to explore the most fascinating and complex aspects of the etiopathology of hereditary retinal diseases and macular degeneration, emphasizing the crucial role of alterations in cellular biology and molecular genetics in the initiation and advancement of these conditions. It examines the remarkable intricacy of the multilayered molecular mechanisms and present strategies employed to safeguard the retina.

The existence of numerous ongoing interventional studies, including those which are pharmacological or involve gene therapy, necessitates determining outcomes that are sensitive, practical, and relatively quick to assess the safety and effectiveness of the suggested interventions. In managing slow-progressing diseases, it is particularly crucial to comprehend fundamental molecular mechanisms and relate them to clinical observations.

Research yielding these kinds of data is appreciated and will assist in clarifying natural disease progression and creating future treatment options.

Dr. Ditta Zobor
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • inherited retinal degeneration
  • ophthalmogenetics
  • genotype–phenotype correlations
  • gene therapy
  • optogenetics
  • stem cell therapy
  • neuroprotection
  • clinical studies

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

18 pages, 1956 KiB  
Article
Panel-Based Genetic Testing in a Consecutive Series of Individuals with Inherited Retinal Diseases in Australia: Identifying Predictors of a Diagnosis
by Alexis Ceecee Britten-Jones, Doron G. Hickey, Thomas L. Edwards and Lauren N. Ayton
Genes 2025, 16(8), 888; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes16080888 - 27 Jul 2025
Viewed by 383
Abstract
Background/Objectives: Genetic testing is important for diagnosing inherited retinal diseases (IRDs), but further evidence is needed on the utility of singleton genetic testing in an Australian cohort. Methods: A consecutive series of individuals with clinically diagnosed IRDs without prior genetic testing [...] Read more.
Background/Objectives: Genetic testing is important for diagnosing inherited retinal diseases (IRDs), but further evidence is needed on the utility of singleton genetic testing in an Australian cohort. Methods: A consecutive series of individuals with clinically diagnosed IRDs without prior genetic testing underwent commercial panel-based sequencing (Invitae or Blueprint Genetics), clinical assessment, and multimodal imaging. Retinal images were graded using the Human Phenotype Ontology terms. Binary logistic regression was used to evaluate clinical predictors of a positive molecular diagnosis. Results: Among 140 participants (mean age 49 ± 19 years), genetic testing was undertaken, on average, 23 ± 17 years after the initial clinical IRD diagnosis. Of the 60% who received a probable molecular diagnosis, 40% require further phase testing, highlighting the limitations of singleton genetic testing. USH2A, ABCA4, and RPGR were the most common encountered genes; 67% of the probably solved participants had causative genes with targeted experimental treatments in ongoing human clinical trials. Symptom onset before the age of 30 (OR = 3.06 [95% CI: 1.34–7.18]) and a positive IRD family history (OR = 2.87 [95% CI: 1.27–6.78]) were each associated with higher odds of receiving a molecular diagnosis. Diagnostic rates were comparable across retinal imaging phenotypes (atrophy and autofluorescence patterns in widespread IRD, and the extent of dystrophy in macular IRDs). Conclusions: In an Australian IRD population without prior genetic testing, commercial panels yielded higher diagnostic rates in individuals with IRD onset before the age of 30 and those with an IRD family history. Further research is needed to understand the genetic basis of IRDs, especially isolated and late-onset cases, to improve diagnosis and access to emerging therapies. Full article
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