Fish Cytogenetics: Insights into Genome Diversity

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Cytogenomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2025) | Viewed by 1117

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
Interests: animal cytogenetics; chromosome evolution; fish reproduction; ichthyology

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
Interests: chromosomes; fish diversity; interspecific hybridization; molecular markers

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of molecular cytogenetics of fish, including 'omics' techniques, offers great opportunities to explain the processes underlying chromosomal and genomic variability in fish taxa occurring in natural environments and important in aquaculture.

It enables the explanation of the processes taking place within chromosomes, cellular processes involving chromosomes, and the verification of data obtained with different methods of molecular biology. The huge variation in chromosome structures found in fish makes this group ideal for investigating the evolutionary mechanisms responsible for both genome diversity and explaining cellular processes involving chromosomes as well as chromosome evolution.

In this Special Issue, we would like to invite you to submit original research, review articles, or brief reports based on methods from molecular cytogenetics to omics on any topic related to the organization, differentiation, evolution of chromosomes, and cell processes (cell division and disturbance, influence of environmental conditions, hybridization, polyploidization, epigenetic processes, etc.) involving fish genome diversity in this most species-rich and chromosomally diverse group of vertebrates.

Prof. Dr. Alicja Boroń
Dr. Lech Kirtiklis
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • chromosome organization
  • comparative cytogenomics
  • molecular cytogenetics
  • chromosomics

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 2164 KiB  
Article
Chromosomal rDNA Distribution Patterns in Clonal Cobitis Triploid Hybrids (Teleostei, Cobitidae): Insights into Parental Genomic Contributions
by Alicja Boroń, Anna Grabowska, Olga Jablonska, Lech Kirtiklis, Sara Duda and Dorota Juchno
Genes 2025, 16(1), 68; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes16010068 - 9 Jan 2025
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Abstract
Background: Interspecific hybridization between relative species Cobitis taenia (with a diploid genome designated as TT), Cobitis elongatoides (EE) and Cobitis tanaitica (NN) and the successive polyploidization with transitions from sexuality to asexuality experienced by triploid Cobitis hybrids likely influence their chromosomal rearrangements, including [...] Read more.
Background: Interspecific hybridization between relative species Cobitis taenia (with a diploid genome designated as TT), Cobitis elongatoides (EE) and Cobitis tanaitica (NN) and the successive polyploidization with transitions from sexuality to asexuality experienced by triploid Cobitis hybrids likely influence their chromosomal rearrangements, including rearrangements of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) distribution patterns. Previously, we documented distinct karyotypic differences: C. elongatoides exhibited bi-armed chromosomes while C. taenia showed uni-armed chromosomes with rDNA-positive hybridization signals, respectively. Methods: In this study, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with 5S rDNA and 28S rDNA probes was used to analyze and compare chromosomal distribution patterns of rDNAs in clonally reproduced triploid Cobitis hybrids of different genomic constitutions ETT, ETN, EEN and EET (referred to using acronyms denoting the haploid genomes of their parent species), and their parental species. Results: Cobitis triploid hybrids exhibited intermediate karyotypes with ribosome synthesis sites on chromosomes inherited from both parents, showing no evidence of nucleolar dominance. The rDNA pattern derived from the C. elongatoides genome was more stable in the hybrids’ karyotypes. Two and one submetacentric chromosomes with co-localized rDNAs were effective markers to ascertain C. elongatoides diploid (EE) and haploid (E) genomes within the genome of triploid hybrids, respectively. Fewer 5S rDNA loci were observed in diploid (TT) and haploid (T) chromosome sets from C. taenia in ETT and EET females. C. taenia and C. tanaitica exhibited similar rDNA distribution patterns. Conclusions: The karyotypes of triploid Cobitis hybrids reflect the genomic contributions of their parental species. Variability in rDNA distribution patterns suggests complex genomic interactions in Cobitis hybrids resulting from polyploidization and hybridization, potentially influencing their reproductive potential. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Fish Cytogenetics: Insights into Genome Diversity)
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