Genetics of Substance Use and Addictions

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Human Genomics and Genetic Diseases".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 June 2026) | Viewed by 467

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Guest Editor
The Kenneth Blum Behavioral & Neurogenetic Institute, Austin, TX 78701, USA
Interests: addiction and substance abuse; neurology; aging and cognitive decline; nutrition; total health and new models of health care
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue addresses the genetics of substance use and addictions as a multi-locus, phenotype-wide and master-regulated problem, not a single-gene phenomenon. Classical and more recent work on dopamine and Reward Deficiency Syndrome (RDS), including composite indices such as GARS (Genetic Addiction Risk Score), demonstrate that vulnerability to substance use disorders is substantially heritable. Yet most studies still examine a narrow set of polymorphisms and a limited range of clinical or behavioral endpoints.

We invite original research, reviews and position papers that explicitly link gene-wide architecture (dopamine and other catecholamine pathways, stress-response, neuroendocrine, neurotrophic and metabolic genes) with deep phenotyping across behavior, cognition, endocrine status, brain structure/function and environment. Particular priority will be given to work that treat the brain and neuroendocrine system as central “master regulators” of widely distributed genes—integrating dopaminergic loci across many chromosomes with hormonal modulators (testosterone, estrogen, thyroid hormones, cortisol), epigenetic mechanisms and developmental timing.

The long-term goal is to move from “one-gene–one-behavior” models toward polygenic + epigenetic + phenotype-wide + environment + developmental frameworks that can realistically guide the prevention and treatment of substance-use disorders. We anticipate that this Special Issue will help motivate comprehensive, publicly supported cohorts that will eventually be needed to truly manage these complex, united gene–epigenetic systems.

Dr. Eric R. Braverman
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • genetics of addiction
  • substance use disorders
  • dopamine
  • catecholamines
  • polygenic risk
  • epigenetics
  • neuroendocrine regulation
  • deep phenotyping
  • reward deficiency syndrome
  • GARS
  • gene–phenotype classification

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

30 pages, 4399 KB  
Review
Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins and Substance Use Disorders: From Lipid Signaling to Therapeutic Targets
by Aidan Powell, Noa Yamaguchi, Mariana Delgado, Kenneth Blum, Albert Pinhasov, Igor Elman and Panayotis K. Thanos
Genes 2026, 17(9), 1000; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes17091000 - 25 Aug 2026
Abstract
Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are a family of intracellular lipid chaperones that transport fatty acids and other hydrophobic molecules, playing essential roles in cellular lipid metabolism, signaling, and brain function. Within the central nervous system, FABP3, FABP5, and FABP7 facilitate the trafficking of [...] Read more.
Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are a family of intracellular lipid chaperones that transport fatty acids and other hydrophobic molecules, playing essential roles in cellular lipid metabolism, signaling, and brain function. Within the central nervous system, FABP3, FABP5, and FABP7 facilitate the trafficking of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and endocannabinoids, thereby modulating key regulatory pathways including the endocannabinoid system (ECS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling, and dopaminergic neurotransmission. Peripherally, FABP1 and FABP4 contribute to hepatic drug metabolism, kidney excretion, and inflammatory processes in both tissues, with implications for the pharmacokinetics of substances of abuse. This narrative review synthesizes the current literature on FABPs and their involvement in substance use and addiction-related behaviors. Evidence from transgenic knockout models, pharmacological inhibition studies, and adeno-associated virus vector approaches demonstrates that manipulation of FABP subtypes can alter reward-related behaviors across multiple substances, including THC, ethanol, nicotine, and cocaine. Reduction or knockout of FABP7 alters THC metabolite levels in a sex-dependent manner. FABP3 shows involvement with dopamine receptor expression; however, interaction between FABP3 modulation and specific substances has sparsely been investigated. FABP5 has vastly diverging interactions with addictive behavior and appears to be substance dependent, as downregulation reduces cocaine self-administration, but knockout enhances nicotine conditioned place preference (CPP) and increases brain uptake of THC. Combined deletion of FABP5 and 7 additionally reduces cocaine CPP and reinstatement, while showing promising decreases in ethanol consumption paradigms. FABPs may be a potential therapeutic target for treating substance use disorders and underlying reward deficiency mechanisms underlying addiction and further research is required to elucidate specific mechanistic effects and eliminate potential adverse consequences of chronic FABP modulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genetics of Substance Use and Addictions)
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