Non-Coding RNAs in Osteoarthritis: From Epigenetic Regulation to Therapeutic Targets

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "RNA".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 April 2026) | Viewed by 425

Editor


E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
Interests: genetics; epigenetics; age-related diseases; osteoarthritis; mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs); exosomes

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Osteoarthritis is one of the leading causes of disability and pain worldwide, with over 500 million people affected. Despite its high prevalence and socio-economic burden, current treatment strategies primarily address symptoms in the late stages of OA. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms driving disease progression and new drug targets is urgently needed. Νon-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs), have emerged as key regulators in the complex molecular landscape of OA, by regulating the expression of genes implicated in OA-related processes such as chondrocyte proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, extracellular matrix metabolism, and inflammatory responses. These molecules form intricate regulatory networks that influence joint tissue homeostasis and have become increasingly recognized as potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets in OA. High-throughput sequencing technologies, bioinformatics tools, and computational analyses have accelerated the identification of disease-associated ncRNAs and unveiled their mechanistic roles in OA pathogenesis. Moreover, recent studies have highlighted the potential of ncRNA-based therapies, including antisense oligonucleotides, miRNA mimics/inhibitors, and exosome-mediated delivery systems, in modulating OA-related pathways. This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the latest findings on the role of ncRNAs in OA onset and progression, shedding light on these emerging molecular players to advance our understanding of OA biology and inspire the development of novel RNA-based diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The submission of original articles and comprehensive reviews is welcome.

Prof. Dr. Ioanna Papathanasiou
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 250 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for assessment.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-anonymized peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Genes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • osteoarthritis
  • microRNAs
  • long non-coding RNAs
  • circular RNAs
  • biomarkers
  • therapeutic strategies

Benefits of Publishing in a Special Issue

  • Ease of navigation: Grouping papers by topic helps scholars navigate broad scope journals more efficiently.
  • Greater discoverability: Special Issues support the reach and impact of scientific research. Articles in Special Issues are more discoverable and cited more frequently.
  • Expansion of research network: Special Issues facilitate connections among authors, fostering scientific collaborations.
  • External promotion: Articles in Special Issues are often promoted through the journal's social media, increasing their visibility.
  • Reprint: MDPI Books provides the opportunity to republish successful Special Issues in book format, both online and in print.

Further information on MDPI's Special Issue policies can be found here.

Published Papers (1 paper)

Order results
Result details
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Research

17 pages, 1551 KB  
Article
Dysregulation of lncRNA MEG3/miR-21-5p Axis Impairs SOX5 Expression in Osteoarthritis
by Stavroula Kyriakaki, Charalampos Balis, Aliki-Alexandra Papageorgiou, Vasileios Konteles, Nikolaos Stefanou, Sokratis E Varitimidis, Aspasia Tsezou and Ioanna Papathanasiou
Genes 2026, 17(7), 748; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes17070748 (registering DOI) - 29 Jun 2026
Abstract
Emerging evidence shows long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as critical regulators of osteoarthritis (OA) progression, often acting in complex networks with microRNAs (miRNAs). In our study, we investigated the potential regulatory function of the lncRNA MEG3/miR-21-5p axis in the OA phenotype of chondrocytes. Differential [...] Read more.
Emerging evidence shows long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) as critical regulators of osteoarthritis (OA) progression, often acting in complex networks with microRNAs (miRNAs). In our study, we investigated the potential regulatory function of the lncRNA MEG3/miR-21-5p axis in the OA phenotype of chondrocytes. Differential gene expression analysis in damaged vs. intact cartilage was performed, re-analyzing existing public RNA-seq data. MiRTarBase, LncRNADisease, and Open Targets databases were utilized to identify miR-21-5p target genes and OA-associated lncRNAs and genes. Functional enrichment analysis and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network construction were performed using the DAVID and STRING databases, respectively. MEG3, miR-21-5p, SOX5, COL2A1 and ACAN mRNA expressions were assessed by qRT-PCR. The role of the MEG3/miR-21-5p axis in OA chondrocytes was examined using transfection experiments. Eighty-one lncRNAs displayed significant differences in expression between damaged and intact cartilage, including MEG3. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that MEG3 interacts with miR-21-5p, while SOX5 was identified to be a putative target of miR-21-5p. MEG3 and SOX5 expression levels were significantly downregulated in OA chondrocytes, whereas miR-21-5p expression was upregulated. Silencing of MEG3 resulted in increased miR-21-5p levels in chondrocytes. Conversely, inhibition of miR-21-5p led to increased SOX5 expression and anabolic markers COL2A1 and ACAN. Notably, MEG3 silencing significantly reduced SOX5 expression, an effect that was reversed upon miR-21-5p inhibition. Our findings highlight a potential regulatory role of the dysregulated MEG3/miR-21-5p axis in modulating the anabolic phenotype of chondrocytes through regulation of SOX5 expression. This novel lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA regulatory network may represent a candidate therapeutic axis for knee osteoarthritis. Full article
Back to TopTop