Advances in Wastewater Bio-Management: Microbial Community Relationships, Monitoring and Assessment

A special issue of Environments (ISSN 2076-3298).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 February 2026 | Viewed by 2918

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
1. Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria
2. Clean & Circle Center of Competence, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 15 Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd., 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria
Interests: molecular and fluorescence-based monitoring of activated sludge and biofilms; modeling of water detoxification processes; control and assessment of biogas-producing microbial communities; bioaugmentation strategies for wastewater and pollution treatment

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Faculty of Biology, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 8 Dragan Tsankov Blvd., 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria
2. Clean & Circle Center of Competence, Sofia University “St. Kliment Ohridski”, 15 Tsar Osvoboditel Blvd., 1504 Sofia, Bulgaria
Interests: biological wastewater treatment; biological and biotechnological indicators for monitoring and assessment; microbiological control of removal of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, and toxic pollutants; wastewater treatment management
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Guest Editor
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
Interests: metagenomics; metaproteomics; metabolomics; antimicrobial resistance; wastewater treatment; nitrous oxide emissions; emerging contaminants
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Wastewater treatment is of critical importance in today’s world, which is increasingly being affected by climate change and global pollution as a result of xenobiotics. In addressing these challenges, the scientific community must prioritize the integration of treatment technologies within the living environment that are composed of the organisms and the communities that they form. The majority of these technologies are based on the function of biological systems such as activated sludge, biofilms, and others. Thus, living biological components are, in fact, integral and key elements of wastewater treatment technologies. Organisms and biocenoses also represent an independent domain for the innovation and improvement of control and management mechanisms.

The aim of this Special Issue is to provide a platform for publishing studies focused on pollution treatment technologies that involve biological components, with a particular focus on their relationship to environmental communities, including river and marine micro- and macroorganisms communities, as well as all communities of the ecosystems in direct or indirect contact with wastewater treatment facilities. This Special Issue will also highlight innovations in the field of the bio-management of purification processes and the control of communities both within and beyond treatment infrastructure. This includes innovative management strategies, novel applications of existing standards, and their enhancement and integration with other environmental and technological management systems.

Topics of interest to readers in the field also include new and specialized methods for monitoring and controlling the described biological processes, using approaches from ecology, microbiology, and genetics. Particular attention will be paid to the relationships within the communities and between deferent levels in the biocenoses (e.g., micro- and metafauna and bacterial segments). This Special Issue will also welcome a range of studies in the field of the biological remediation of polluted natural resources.

Dr. Mihaela Kirilova
Prof. Dr. Yana Topalova
Prof. Dr. Naresh Singhal
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • wastewater treatment technologies
  • biological control of waste and wastewater treatment
  • biomanagement of purification technologies
  • community relationships in biodegradation processes
  • xenobiotics
  • detoxification
  • activated sludge
  • biofilms

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

25 pages, 1880 KB  
Article
Effects of Pollutants in Urban Wastewater on Rhizoplane Microbial Communities in Constructed Wetlands: Resistance and Resilience of Macrophyte-Associated Microbiomes
by Paolo Piccolo, Annamaria Gentile, Angela Cicatelli, Francesco Guarino and Stefano Castiglione
Environments 2025, 12(11), 414; https://doi.org/10.3390/environments12110414 - 2 Nov 2025
Viewed by 503
Abstract
The impact of pollutants in urban wastewater on Constructed Wetlands (CWs) rhizoplane microbial communities remains quite understudied. Our study explores how civil wastewater influences the structure and ecological stability of rhizoplane microbial communities associated with three macrophytes: Nerium oleander L., Arundo donax L., [...] Read more.
The impact of pollutants in urban wastewater on Constructed Wetlands (CWs) rhizoplane microbial communities remains quite understudied. Our study explores how civil wastewater influences the structure and ecological stability of rhizoplane microbial communities associated with three macrophytes: Nerium oleander L., Arundo donax L., and Juncus conglomeratus L. in simulated conditions as in the case of CWs. Therefore, a pot experiment was set up, using wastewater repeated exposure of the three macrophytes, to assess the microbial (bacteria and fungi) resistance and resilience by means of next-generation sequencing. The results showed that all three macrophytes contributed to pollutant removal; however, the effects on microbial communities were taxon-specific. In general, the rhizobacterial community exhibited moderate resilience and low resistance to wastewater, indicating a partial recovery post-disturbance. The fungal community showed high resistance (ResI = 0.99), in contrast with limited resilience (RI < 1), suggesting a stable but less dynamic response to the wastewater exposure. Effluent repeated addition positively influenced the relative abundance of certain bacteria taxonomical groups, specifically Firmicutes and Actinobacteria, but also of some fungal taxa. Our findings underscore the key role of microbial communities in CWs, where complementary resistance and resilience strategies contribute to system stability, plant health, and pollutant attenuation. Full article
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12 pages, 1708 KB  
Article
Baccilus amyloliquefacins Strains Isolated in a Wastewater Treatment Plant: Molecular Identification and Amylase/Protease Production Capacity
by Jean Jules Nana Ndangang, Alain-Martial Sontsa-Donhoung, Elvire Hortense Biye, Dumitra Raducanu, Narcis Barsan, Anne Ayo, Guy Valerie Djumyom Wafo, Emilian Mosnegutu, Valentin Nedeff, Christelle Kebassa Nkwefuth, Florin-Marian Nedeff, Mirela Panainte-Lehadus, Dana Chițimus and Ives Magloire Kengne Noumsi
Environments 2025, 12(11), 412; https://doi.org/10.3390/environments12110412 - 2 Nov 2025
Viewed by 701
Abstract
This study centred on isolating and characterizing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains derived from wastewater sludge to assess their potential for sludge treatment. Samples were collected from the Etoa wastewater sludge treatment plant in Yaounde, Cameroon. The isolates were obtained on nutrient agar medium and [...] Read more.
This study centred on isolating and characterizing Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains derived from wastewater sludge to assess their potential for sludge treatment. Samples were collected from the Etoa wastewater sludge treatment plant in Yaounde, Cameroon. The isolates were obtained on nutrient agar medium and were identified through morphological and biochemical characterization, followed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. The sequences showed 99–100% similarity with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strains in the NCBI database. The isolates exhibited significant in vitro enzymatic activities, including catalase, amylase, and protease production, indicating their ability to degrade hydrogen peroxide starch and proteins, respectively. The results confirmed the in vitro potential of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens as a promising microbial agent for organic matter degradation in wastewater sludge. Although the findings were limited to laboratory conditions, they provided a foundation for future pilot-scale or in situ studies aimed at validating their practical efficiency. This research contributes to the development of microbial-based and eco-efficient strategies for sustainable sludge management. Full article
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20 pages, 4021 KB  
Article
Poultry Slaughterhouse Wastewater Treatment by Green Algae: An Eco-Friendly Restorative Process
by Elvira E. Ziganshina, Ksenia A. Yureva and Ayrat M. Ziganshin
Environments 2025, 12(9), 331; https://doi.org/10.3390/environments12090331 - 18 Sep 2025
Viewed by 1067
Abstract
Poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (PSW) affects environmental and economic issues, and the introduction of modern treatment technologies, including microalgae-based ones, is strictly necessary. In this study, bioremediation of unsterilized PSW by several algal representatives of the genera Chlorella, Tetradesmus, Desmodesmus, and [...] Read more.
Poultry slaughterhouse wastewater (PSW) affects environmental and economic issues, and the introduction of modern treatment technologies, including microalgae-based ones, is strictly necessary. In this study, bioremediation of unsterilized PSW by several algal representatives of the genera Chlorella, Tetradesmus, Desmodesmus, and Neochloris was investigated. All microalgae grew in original wastewater, and the elevated N, P, and S levels in PSW allowed the microalgae to increase the biomass yield (from 2.44–3.15 to 2.73–4.42 g L−1). Modification of PSW for cultivation of microalgae made it possible to obtain biomass with a high content of valuable metabolites. The highest protein content was observed in cells of cultures of Chlorella sorokiniana and Neochloris sp. (26% and 33% of the final dry weight, respectively). At the same time, starch and lipids were also accumulated in the algal cells at substantial levels in both original and modified PSW. With the growth of algae, a decrease in the relative abundance of members of Arcobacteraceae and Clostridium, which include pathogens, was also observed. At the same time, PSW contained a variety of bacteria capable of stimulating the growth of microalgae. Thus, integrating microalgae into the treatment of PSW will reduce the negative impact of such wastewaters on the environment and improve the sanitary indicators. Full article
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