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Entropy Analysis of Electrophysiological Signals

A special issue of Entropy (ISSN 1099-4300). This special issue belongs to the section "Signal and Data Analysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2026 | Viewed by 67

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
Interests: signal processing and analysis; EEG connectivity; nonlinear dynamics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent decades, entropy-based analyses have emerged as powerful tool for quantifying the complexity, regularity, and information content of complex biological signals, such as electroencephalography (EEG), electrocardiography (ECG), and electromyography (EMG).

Signal processing methods based on information theory and statistical mechanics, such as Approximate Entropy, Sample Entropy, Multiscale Entropy, and others, have been increasingly employed for studying the complex nonlinear dynamics of electrophysiological signals under both healthy and pathological conditions, as well as the effects of their modulation by pharmacological, psychological, or non-invasive stimulation treatments.

Traditional linear methods, while valuable, are often limited in their ability to capture subtle or multi-scale dynamical changes. Entropy-based measures, in contrast, provide approaches that allow us to characterize these signals across different scales and conditions. By assessing entropy across different temporal and spatial scales, these techniques provide insights into neural dynamics, autonomic regulation, and disease progression, contributing to more accurate diagnostics and personalized interventions.

This Special Issue aims to bring together cutting-edge research and methodological developments focused on the entropy analysis of electrophysiological signals, including theoretical advances, algorithmic improvements, and applied studies utilizing entropy-based tools to better understand the structure and function of neural, muscular, or cardiac systems.

Topics of interest include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Novel entropy measures and complexity metrics for biomedical signal analysis;
  • Multiscale and multivariate entropy approaches;
  • Applications in cognitive neuroscience, cardiology, neurology, and sleep research;
  • Entropy-based methods in brain–computer interfaces and wearable health monitoring;
  • Challenges in signal preprocessing, parameter selection, and real-time implementation;
  • Comparative studies using traditional or machine learning-based approaches.

Dr. Elzbieta Olejarczyk
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Entropy is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • entropy
  • approximate entropy
  • sample entropy
  • multiscale entropy
  • multivariate entropy
  • biomedical signal analysis
  • electrophysiological signals
  • electroencephalography (EEG)
  • electrocardiography (ECG)
  • electromyography (EMG)
  • complexity
  • information theory
  • nonlinear dynamics
  • neural system
  • neural dynamics
  • cognitive neuroscience
  • sleep research
  • brain–computer interface

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

21 pages, 1372 KB  
Article
A Novel Multi-Scale Entropy Approach for EEG-Based Lie Detection with Channel Selection
by Jiawen Li, Guanyuan Feng, Chen Ling, Ximing Ren, Shuang Zhang, Xin Liu, Leijun Wang, Mang I. Vai, Jujian Lv and Rongjun Chen
Entropy 2025, 27(10), 1026; https://doi.org/10.3390/e27101026 - 29 Sep 2025
Abstract
Entropy-based analyses have emerged as a powerful tool for quantifying the complexity, regularity, and information content of complex biological signals, such as electroencephalography (EEG). In this regard, EEG-based lie detection offers the advantage of directly providing more objective and less susceptible-to-manipulation results compared [...] Read more.
Entropy-based analyses have emerged as a powerful tool for quantifying the complexity, regularity, and information content of complex biological signals, such as electroencephalography (EEG). In this regard, EEG-based lie detection offers the advantage of directly providing more objective and less susceptible-to-manipulation results compared to traditional polygraph methods. To this end, this study proposes a novel multi-scale entropy approach by fusing fuzzy entropy (FE), time-shifted multi-scale fuzzy entropy (TSMFE), and hierarchical multi-band fuzzy entropy (HMFE), which enables the multidimensional characterization of EEG signals. Subsequently, using machine learning classifiers, the fused feature vector is applied to lie detection, with a focus on channel selection to investigate distinguished neural signatures across brain regions. Experiments utilize a publicly benchmarked LieWaves dataset, and two parts are performed. One is a subject-dependent experiment to identify representative channels for lie detection. Another is a cross-subject experiment to assess the generalizability of the proposed approach. In the subject-dependent experiment, linear discriminant analysis (LDA) achieves impressive accuracies of 82.74% under leave-one-out cross-validation (LOOCV) and 82.00% under 10-fold cross-validation. The cross-subject experiment yields an accuracy of 64.07% using a radial basis function (RBF) kernel support vector machine (SVM) under leave-one-subject-out cross-validation (LOSOCV). Furthermore, regarding the channel selection results, PZ (parietal midline) and T7 (left temporal) are considered the representative channels for lie detection, as they exhibit the most prominent occurrences among subjects. These findings demonstrate that the PZ and T7 play vital roles in the cognitive processes associated with lying, offering a solution for designing portable EEG-based lie detection devices with fewer channels, which also provides insights into neural dynamics by analyzing variations in multi-scale entropy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Entropy Analysis of Electrophysiological Signals)
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