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Economies
Special Issues
Growth, Global Poverty Reduction and Income Distribution
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Growth, Global Poverty Reduction and Income Distribution

A special issue of Economies (ISSN 2227-7099).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2019) | Viewed by 42508

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Massoud Karshenas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
SOAS, University of London, London, UK
Interests: political economy of the Middle East; poverty and environment in Least Developed Countries; economics of technological change; intersectoral resource flows
Dr. Willem Van der Geest

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
(former) Chief, Development Strategies, Development Policy and Analysis Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations, NY, USA
Interests: political economy of economic development; international trade and market access; sustainable development; distribution-improving development policies; EU-Asia economic relations

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

During the era of globalization, there was a rapid decline in global poverty due to economic growth in some of the poorest countries in the South.  At the same time this era witnessed increased inequalities, within, as well as amongst, countries, which had an adverse effect on the reduction of global poverty. This Special Issue revisits the issue of growth and global poverty reduction by examining the experience of specific countries, or county groups, with respect to growth, income distribution and poverty reduction since the 1980s.

In particular, the Guest Editors welcome contributions on (i) the impact of developing countries access to markets of industrialized countries on poverty reduction, and (ii) the likely effects of the resurgence of protectionist policies in the advanced countries on eliminating global poverty, as mandated by the Sustainable Development Goals adopted in 2015.

Prof. Massoud Karshenas
Dr. Willem van der Geest
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

27 pages, 1141 KiB  
Article
An Analysis of the Determinants of Household Consumption Expenditure and Poverty in India
by Almas Heshmati, Esfandiar Maasoumi and Guanghua Wan
Economies 2019, 7(4), 96; https://doi.org/10.3390/economies7040096 - 20 Sep 2019
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 13730
Abstract
This article examines the determinants of household income among urban and rural areas in India and evaluates households’ performance with different characteristics in terms of poverty. It uses four rounds of data from the consumer expenditure survey (50th, 1993/1994; 55th, 1999/2000; 61st, 2004/2005; [...] Read more.
This article examines the determinants of household income among urban and rural areas in India and evaluates households’ performance with different characteristics in terms of poverty. It uses four rounds of data from the consumer expenditure survey (50th, 1993/1994; 55th, 1999/2000; 61st, 2004/2005; and 66th, 2009/2010) by the National Sample Survey Organization (NSSO) in the empirical section. This study consists of two main parts. In the first, it looks at the impact of the characteristics of the head of the household (age, educational level, marital status, and gender) and household characteristics (main occupational type, household size, and social status) on monthly per capita expenditure through conditional mean least squares (LS) regressions and conditional quantile regressions. Households headed by those who are older, married, belonging to lower castes, and living in less-developed states are more likely to be in poverty. In the second part, the article explores stochastic dominance rankings relative to large classes of welfare functions/preferences between pairwise sub-groups identified by the survey year, gender, social status, and occupational type of the household heads. Our results show that ‘inferior groups’ such as ‘Backward classes’, agricultural labor in rural areas, and casual labor in urban areas are vulnerable and may be targeted for poverty alleviation strategies. The first part sheds light on key determinants of household expenditure, while the second provides a picture of poverty outcomes which helps identify potential target groups for poverty-alleviation strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Growth, Global Poverty Reduction and Income Distribution)
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24 pages, 513 KiB  
Article
Welfare Impact of Globalization in Developing Countries: Examining the Mediating Role of Human Capital
by Kehinde Oluseyi Olagunju, Adebayo Isaiah Ogunniyi, Kunle Francis Oguntegbe, Ibrahim Oluwole Raji and Kolawole Ogundari
Economies 2019, 7(3), 84; https://doi.org/10.3390/economies7030084 - 21 Aug 2019
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 20635
Abstract
Despite remarkable progress in the fight against poverty during the past few decades, the proportion of the poor living in developing countries is still on the high side. Many countries have promoted integration as an important development strategy; however, its impact on welfare [...] Read more.
Despite remarkable progress in the fight against poverty during the past few decades, the proportion of the poor living in developing countries is still on the high side. Many countries have promoted integration as an important development strategy; however, its impact on welfare of the poor is still unclear. In this study, we examine the roles of education and health dimensions of human capital in globalization and its impact on the poverty gap and the child mortality rate using cross-country panel data covering 110 developing countries between 1970 and 2015. We use a model based on system generalized method of moments (SGMM) to control for unobserved heterogeneity and potential endogeneity of the explanatory variables. The empirical results reveal that globalization reduces poverty gap and child mortality rate, and that an increase in the stock of human capital in developing economies improves welfare outcomes. The study also finds that human capital strengthens the negative impact of globalization on poverty gap and child mortality rate. For example, should enrollment in secondary school in Nigeria (in 2013) be increased from 39.2% to 61.6%, on average, it could translate into 2508 fewer under-five child deaths. We recommend that interconnectedness and promotion of human capital development should constitute a fundamental component of policy mix targeted at enhancing reduction of poverty and child mortality rate in developing countries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Growth, Global Poverty Reduction and Income Distribution)
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18 pages, 266 KiB  
Article
A Survey of Inclusive Growth Policy
by Almas Heshmati, Jungsuk Kim and Jacob Wood
Economies 2019, 7(3), 65; https://doi.org/10.3390/economies7030065 - 4 Jul 2019
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 7477
Abstract
Background: Since the latter part of the 20th Century, countries have been particularly challenged by the trade-off that exists between delivering generous welfare provisions and strong economic growth. Such dynamics have stimulated a need to better understand the causes of income inequality so [...] Read more.
Background: Since the latter part of the 20th Century, countries have been particularly challenged by the trade-off that exists between delivering generous welfare provisions and strong economic growth. Such dynamics have stimulated a need to better understand the causes of income inequality so as to better formulate policies that foster inclusive growth and reduce growing concerns surrounding income inequality. Method: Given its ability to succinctly summarize, analyze, and synthesize an extant body of literature from a certain genre of scholastic endeavor, this study utilizes a literature review as its proposed methodological approach. Results: From our assessment of the literature, we identified four key areas that contribute significantly to income inequality in both advanced and developing economies, these include: (i) pursuing skill-biased technological change; (ii) enhancing education systems; (iii) consolidation of globalization; and (iv) reform of the labor market and its relevant institutions. Conclusion: There is no silver bullet to achieving inclusive growth. Any policy manifesto must seek to offer a coordinated policy platform that looks to deal directly with the causes of inequality. In order to do so, consideration should be given to a range of policy areas including fiscal, education, trade liberalization, and labor market reforms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Growth, Global Poverty Reduction and Income Distribution)
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