Evolving Plant Phenology Responses and Resilience in a Changing Climate

A Special Issue of Climate (ISSN 2225-1154) belonging to the section "Climate and Environment".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2026) | Viewed by 5697

Editor


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Guest Editor
Plant Risk Assessment Animal & Plant Health Directorate Biosecurity New Zealand, Ministry for Primary Industries, Wellington 6011, New Zealand
Interests: plant disease modeling; plant pathology; bio-protection; biosecurity; climate change; ecological modeling

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Our proposed Special Issue, tentatively titled "Evolving Plant Phenology Responses and Resilience in a Changing Climate", seeks to explore the intricate relationships between plant phenology and the ever-shifting dynamics of our planet's climate. The study of plant phenology, which encompasses the timing of seasonal events such as flowering, leaf budding, and fruiting, has emerged as a critical lens through which we can understand and respond to climate change.

Climate change has brought about unprecedented shifts in temperature, precipitation patterns, and extreme weather events, all of which exert profound influences on plant life cycles. These changes ripple through ecosystems, impacting everything from pollinator relationships to crop yields. In this context, it becomes increasingly imperative to unravel the mechanisms driving plant phenological shifts and assess their ecological, agricultural, and societal consequences.

Our interdisciplinary Special Issue welcomes contributions that span the spectrum of plant phenological research. We invite investigations into underlying molecular and physiological processes, innovative methodologies for monitoring phenological changes, and large-scale observational and modeling studies that elucidate patterns and predict future shifts. Furthermore, we encourage studies exploring plant adaptation strategies, conservation implications, and policy recommendations in the face of this climate-induced transformation.

This collection aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge on plant phenology in a changing climate. By fostering collaboration and knowledge exchange among researchers, we aspire to highlight our understanding of these complex interactions and the development of strategies for adapting to and mitigating the impacts of climate change on our natural and agricultural landscapes.

Join us in the endeavor to shed light on nature's calendar and the remarkable ability of plants to adapt to and shape their environment in response to climate variability. Together, we can uncover the vital insights needed to navigate this era of climate change and its implications for both the natural world and human societies.

Dr. Hossein A. Narouei-Khandan
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • plant phenology
  • responses and resilience in a changing climate
  • patterns and predict future shifts
  • plant adaptation strategies
  • conservation implications
  • strategies and impacts of climate change on natural and agricultural landscape

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4166 KB  
Article
Basin-Scale Vegetation Sensitivity to Relative Humidity Variability Across Türkiye Under CMIP6 SSP Pathways
by Mehmet Ali Çelik, Adile Bilik, Yasin Paşa and Ishak Pacal
Climate 2026, 14(9), 179; https://doi.org/10.3390/cli14090179 - 1 Sep 2026
Viewed by 492
Abstract
Relative humidity (RH) provides complementary information on atmospheric moisture conditions that is not captured by precipitation alone. This study characterizes basin-scale RH-associated vegetation sensitivity across Türkiye’s 25 hydrographic basins using MODIS MOD13A1 NDVI observations for 2000–2024 and processed CMIP6-derived RH products for SSP1-2.6, [...] Read more.
Relative humidity (RH) provides complementary information on atmospheric moisture conditions that is not captured by precipitation alone. This study characterizes basin-scale RH-associated vegetation sensitivity across Türkiye’s 25 hydrographic basins using MODIS MOD13A1 NDVI observations for 2000–2024 and processed CMIP6-derived RH products for SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0 and SSP5-8.5 at the 2040, 2060, 2080 and 2100 single-year horizons. MODIS and climate-model products are summarized independently at basin scale, avoiding pixel-level fusion across different native resolutions. The archived 25-by-4 pathway sensitivity matrix is evaluated using cross-pathway dispersion, a robust median-magnitude check, hierarchical clustering with silhouette diagnostics, and explicit percentile-based hotspot criteria. Mean absolute sensitivity is 0.0244, 0.0236, 0.0368, and 0.0386 under SSP1-2.6, SSP2-4.5, SSP3-7.0, and SSP5-8.5, respectively. Antalya, Küçük Menderes, Konya Closed, Ceyhan, and Aras satisfy the magnitude and persistence criteria, and all five also exceed the upper-quartile threshold for median absolute sensitivity. Silhouette diagnostics do not support a unique three-cluster solution, favoring explicit threshold-based response classes. The results are interpreted as comparative basin screening rather than causal attribution or validated vegetation forecasting. Because the retained processed products do not preserve model/member provenance or the horizon-level intermediate values used to generate the pathway index, model-specific and predictive interpretations are deliberately avoided. Full article
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21 pages, 3798 KB  
Article
Cyclic Interannual Variation in Monsoon Onset and Rainfall in South Central Arizona, USA
by Frank W. Reichenbacher and William D. Peachey
Climate 2025, 13(4), 75; https://doi.org/10.3390/cli13040075 - 6 Apr 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2040
Abstract
The North American Monsoon (NAM) in southern Arizona continues to be a topic of interest to many ecologists studying the triggers and characteristics of plant growth and reproduction in relation to the onset of the monsoon. The purpose of this article is to [...] Read more.
The North American Monsoon (NAM) in southern Arizona continues to be a topic of interest to many ecologists studying the triggers and characteristics of plant growth and reproduction in relation to the onset of the monsoon. The purpose of this article is to report interannual variation in the timing of NAM onset found while researching the phenology of Saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea). Using a daily rainfall dataset from 33 stations located in Pima and Pinal Counties, Arizona, from 1990–2022, we analyzed monsoon onset, monsoon precipitation, annual precipitation, and the proportion of annual station precipitation received during the monsoon season. Onset was measured by the first day from 1 June to 30 September with precipitation ≥ 10 mm counted from the day of the vernal equinox of the year. Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) identified sinusoidal waves with a period of 8.6 years and amplitudes of 14–29 days, providing frequency and amplitude estimates for Sinusoidal Regression Models (SRMs). Sinusoidal wave patterns found in the monsoon onset dataset are suggested in monsoon, annual, and proportion of monsoon in station-averaged annual precipitation although in and approximately mirror-image. These unexpected findings may have important implications for forecasters as well as ecologists interested in plant phenology. Full article
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16 pages, 12343 KB  
Article
Agroclimatic Zoning of Temperature Limitations for Growth of Stubble Cover Crops
by Jan Haberle, Filip Chuchma, Ivana Raimanova and Jana Wollnerova
Climate 2025, 13(1), 15; https://doi.org/10.3390/cli13010015 - 9 Jan 2025
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2160
Abstract
The realization of the expected benefits of stubble cover crops (CCs) depends on sufficient plant growth, which is influenced by the sum of effective temperatures (SET) before the onset of winter and the occurrence of the first early autumn frost (FRST). The objective [...] Read more.
The realization of the expected benefits of stubble cover crops (CCs) depends on sufficient plant growth, which is influenced by the sum of effective temperatures (SET) before the onset of winter and the occurrence of the first early autumn frost (FRST). The objective of this study was to calculate the SET for three dates of CC sowing, August 20 (A), September 6 (B), and September 20 (C), from 1961 to 2020, based on daily data from 268 meteorological stations in the Czech Republic (CR). The dates of FRST, when the daily average and minimum temperatures at 2 m and the minimum temperature at the ground level fell below 0 °C, −3, and −5 °C during CC growth, were recorded. The analysis showed a significant trend in the average SET, which increased by 1.60, 0.87, and 0.97 °C per year for scenarios A, B, and C, respectively. As a result, the area where SET conditions allowed for CC flowering from autumn sowing expanded, as visualized in the agroclimatic maps of the country. The average dates of the FRST shifted by 0.05–0.11 days per year over the sixty years, but this was not significant due to high inter-annual variability. The SET was closely related to the average annual temperature and station elevation (r = ǀ0.95ǀ–ǀ0.99ǀ), while the corresponding trend relationships were weaker (r = ǀ0.40ǀ–ǀ0.43ǀ). This study provides data on the zonation of the conditions required to achieve specific CC management objectives. Full article
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