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Hydroclimate Dynamics and Extreme Weather Events in Africa
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Hydroclimate Dynamics and Extreme Weather Events in Africa

A special issue of Climate (ISSN 2225-1154).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 28 February 2025 | Viewed by 8154

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Mark Jury

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Physics, UPRM, P.O. Box 9000, Mayagüez, PR 00681, USA
Interests: coastal management; biodiversity studies; tropical weather research; meteorology; Caribbean climate variability
Prof. Dr. Joseph N. Mutemi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Earth and Climate Science, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
Interests: multi-model based forecasting

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue focuses on climate dynamics and extreme weather events in Africa, with the aim of exploring the current status, trends, and potential impacts in the region amidst the backdrop of climate change. Africa is a diverse continent, playing a critical role in the global climate system. However, it faces increasing challenges due to local and global greenhouse gas emissions.

The research covered in this Special Issue includes various aspects of:

  1. Atmospheric moisture fluxes and soil water budget: Examining precipitation–evaporation balance, river discharge, and run-off patterns and trends;
  2. Atmospheric emissions and air chemistry over Africa: Analyzing biomass burning, deforestation, and urban–industrial emissions;
  3. Droughts and floods: Addressing the frequency, intensity, historical trends, future projections, and impacts that threaten water resources, agriculture, food security, and infrastructure;
  4. Climate variability and extreme weather: Studying the mechanisms that connect climate variability to extreme weather events such as intense rainfall, dust plumes, and heatwaves in Africa.

Naturally, some climate impacts over Africa are driven by processes outside the continent, e.g., the ENSO and the IOD, but the papers should 'start from Africa—outward' and not ‘the process—inward’. We aim to enhance the understanding of climate variability under global warming and translate this knowledge into adaptive management options that climate scientists can promote with stakeholders for sustainable development and resilience.

Prof. Dr. Mark Jury
Prof. Dr. Joseph N. Mutemi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Climate is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • climate change
  • hydroclimate dynamics
  • extreme weather events
  • Africa
  • climate vulnerability
  • adaptation strategies
  • droughts
  • floods

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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21 pages, 34085 KiB  
Article
A Survey of African Weather and Climate Extremes
by Mark R. Jury
Climate 2024, 12(5), 65; https://doi.org/10.3390/cli12050065 - 5 May 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1490
Abstract
A survey of African weather and climate extremes in the period 1970–2023 reveals spatial and temporal patterns of intense dry and wet spells, associated with meteorological conditions and consequences. Seasonal wind storms occur along coasts facing the Mozambique Channel, the Gulf of Guinea, [...] Read more.
A survey of African weather and climate extremes in the period 1970–2023 reveals spatial and temporal patterns of intense dry and wet spells, associated with meteorological conditions and consequences. Seasonal wind storms occur along coasts facing the Mozambique Channel, the Gulf of Guinea, the Mediterranean, and the Southern Ocean. Desiccating evaporation is found along the edge of the Sahara and Kalahari Deserts, as well as in lowland subtropical river valleys. The Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) and net outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) reflect precipitation–evaporation balance and guide regional evaluation. Temporal fluctuations are dominated by inter-decadal oscillations and drying/moistening trends over Southeast/West Africa, respectively. Localized floods and droughts are frequent, but widespread impacts are rare, suggesting that the transfer of resources from surplus to deficit regions is possible. Various case studies focus on (i) tropical cyclone impacts, (ii) monsoon moisture flux, and (iii) coastal upwelling. African communities have become resilient in the face of extreme weather and have shown that adaptation is possible, but further mitigating efforts are needed so that macro-economic progress does not come with harmful secondary consequences. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydroclimate Dynamics and Extreme Weather Events in Africa)
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Review

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35 pages, 4374 KiB  
Review
Climate Risks Resilience Development: A Bibliometric Analysis of Climate-Related Early Warning Systems in Southern Africa
by Israel Edem Agbehadji, Stefanie Schütte, Muthoni Masinde, Joel Botai and Tafadzwanashe Mabhaudhi
Climate 2024, 12(1), 3; https://doi.org/10.3390/cli12010003 - 26 Dec 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 5851
Abstract
Early warning systems (EWS) facilitate societies’ preparedness and effective response capabilities to climate risks. Climate risks embody hazards, exposure, and vulnerability associated with a particular geographical area. Building an effective EWS requires consideration of the factors above to help people with coping mechanisms. [...] Read more.
Early warning systems (EWS) facilitate societies’ preparedness and effective response capabilities to climate risks. Climate risks embody hazards, exposure, and vulnerability associated with a particular geographical area. Building an effective EWS requires consideration of the factors above to help people with coping mechanisms. The objective of this paper is to propose an approach that can enhance EWSs and ensure an effective climate risk resilience development. The paper focuses on the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region and highlights the issues with EWS, identifying weaknesses and characteristics of EWS to help in climate risk adaptation strategies. The SADC region was chosen as the context because it is a climate variability and change hotspot with many vulnerable populations residing in rural communities. Trending themes on building climate risk resilience were uncovered through scientific mapping and network analysis of published articles from 2008 to 2022. This paper contributes to on-going research on building climate risks resilience through early warning systems to identify hidden trends and emerging technologies from articles in order to enhance the operationalization and design of EWS. This review provides insight into technological interventions for assessing climate risks to build preparedness and resilience. From the review analysis, it is determined that there exists a plethora of evidence to support the argument that involving communities in the co-designing of EWS would improve risk knowledge, anticipation, and preparedness. Additionally, Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) technologies provide effective tools to address existing EWS’ weaknesses, such as lack of real-time data collection and automation. However, 4IR technology is still at a nascent stage in EWS applications in Africa. Furthermore, policy across societies, institutions, and technology industries ought to be coordinated and integrated to develop a strategy toward implementing climate resilient-based EWS to facilitate the operations of disaster risk managers. The Social, Institutional, and Technology model can potentially increase communities’ resilience; therefore, it is recommended to develop EWS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Hydroclimate Dynamics and Extreme Weather Events in Africa)
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