Environmental Catalysis: Special Topic on Microbial Fuel Cell and Wastewater Treatment

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Catalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 January 2025) | Viewed by 3263

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Dipartimento di Ingegneria Meccanica, Chimica e dei Materiali, Università di Cagliari, Piazza D'armi, 09123 Cagliari, Italy
Interests: synthesis and characterization of materials for electrochemical and photoelectrochemical processes; electrocatalysis for wastewater treatment and energy production; microbial fuel cells; hydrogen production by electrolysis
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Guest Editor
School of Occupational and Public Health, Toronto Metropolitan University, 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
Interests: water and wastewater treatment technologies; water, soil and air quality; environmental health and safety; environmental management and risk assessment; energy and resource recovery
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are devices that convert the chemical energy contained in organic substrates into electrical energy through the action of microorganisms. The use of wastewater as a raw material for this technology can be a sustainable way to combine electricity production with wastewater treatment. The mild operating conditions and reduction of energy consumption, sludge formation, and related costs are some of the advantages of using MFCs for wastewater treatment. However, some issues hinder its large-scale application, including low power output, difficulty scaling up the system, and the costs of materials, such as using proton exchange membranes and precious metals as catalysts.

Therefore, this Special Issue aims to collect new research to address these issues, from the synthesis and characterization of low-cost catalysts to the development of alternative materials to replace membranes, cell design, biofilm activity, and the reaction kinetics and the modelling/simulation of MFCs.

Prof. Dr. Annalisa Vacca
Dr. Ciro Bustillo-Lecompte
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • microbial fuel cells
  • wastewater treatment
  • energy production
  • catalysts for oxygen evolution reaction
  • platinum group metal-free catalysts
  • bio-electrochemical systems
  • microbial fuel cell design
  • microbial fuel cell modeling

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 6123 KiB  
Article
Promoting Electricity Production and Cr (VI) Removal Using a Light–Rutile–Biochar Cathode for Microbial Fuel Cells
by Baoyin Sun, Wenqing Xie, Xiangwen Zhang, Yunzhu Zhou, Zhaolin Yang, Lei Wang, Jiqiang Zhou and Guiping Ren
Catalysts 2024, 14(9), 648; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal14090648 - 22 Sep 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1738
Abstract
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology holds significant promise for the production of clean energy and treatment of pollutants. Nevertheless, challenges such as low power generation efficiency and the high cost of electrode materials have impeded its widespread adoption. The porous microstructure of biochar [...] Read more.
Microbial fuel cell (MFC) technology holds significant promise for the production of clean energy and treatment of pollutants. Nevertheless, challenges such as low power generation efficiency and the high cost of electrode materials have impeded its widespread adoption. The porous microstructure of biochar and the exceptional photocatalytic properties of rutile endow it with promising catalytic potential. In this investigation, we synthesized a novel Rutile–Biochar (Rut-Bio) composite material using biochar as a carrier and natural rutile, and explored its effectiveness as a cathode catalyst to enhance the power generation efficiency of MFCs, as well as its application in remediating heavy metal pollution. Furthermore, the impact of visible light conditions on its performance enhancement was explored. The X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis validated the successful fabrication of rutile composites loaded with biochar. The maximum current density and power density achieved by the MFCs were 153.9 mA/m2 and 10.44 mW/m2, respectively, representing a substantial increase of 113.5% and 225% compared to the control group. In addition, biochar-supported rutile MFCs showed excellent degradation performance of heavy metal pollutants under light conditions. Within 7 h, the Cr6+ degradation rate reached 95%. In contrast to the blank control group, the removal efficiency of pollutants exhibited increases of 630.8%. The cyclic degradation experiments also showcased the remarkable stability of the system over multiple cycles. This study successfully integrated natural rutile and biochar to fabricate highly efficient cathode photocatalyst composites, which not only enhanced the power generation performance of MFCs but also presented an environmentally sustainable and economically viable method for addressing heavy metal pollution. Full article
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Review

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23 pages, 5165 KiB  
Review
Research Progress in Photocatalytic-Coupled Microbial Electrochemical Technology in Wastewater Treatment
by Qianhao Zeng, Wenhui An, Dongxiao Peng, Qiting Liu, Xu Zhang, Haiyu Ge and Hongbo Liu
Catalysts 2025, 15(1), 81; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal15010081 - 16 Jan 2025
Viewed by 1150
Abstract
Photocatalytic-coupled microbial electrochemical systems (MESs) represent an emerging wastewater treatment technology which aims to address the limitations of traditional methods, such as the inadequate removal of refractory pollutants and excessive energy consumption. This technology realizes the simultaneous degradation of refractory pollutants in wastewater [...] Read more.
Photocatalytic-coupled microbial electrochemical systems (MESs) represent an emerging wastewater treatment technology which aims to address the limitations of traditional methods, such as the inadequate removal of refractory pollutants and excessive energy consumption. This technology realizes the simultaneous degradation of refractory pollutants in wastewater and bioenergy recovery, demonstrating significant potential for development. However, the practical application of this technology is currently hindered by challenges including insufficient electrical power output, poor stability of photoelectric electrodes, and the design of amplified application systems. This review comprehensively examines the common coupling methods and principles of photocatalytic-coupled microbial electrochemical systems. Compared to previous studies, it provides a detailed analysis of the optimal configurations for treating wastewater containing various components, such as recalcitrant organic compounds, heavy metals, and nitrates, to achieve maximum efficiency. Moreover, it summarizes the synergistic effects observed between photocatalysis and MES that enhance the degradation efficiency of pollutants through various pathways, including increasing the potential difference of cytochromes, promoting the formation of conductive nanowires, accelerating the electron transfer rates, and inhibiting electron–hole recombination. Finally, this review highlights the challenges in practical applications and proposes future research directions to facilitate the further development of this technology. Full article
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