Omics Approaches on Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases: Towards Novel Biomarkers and Potential Therapeutic Targets, 3rd Edition

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Immunology and Immunotherapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 August 2026 | Viewed by 833

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
1. Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus
2. School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
Interests: tumor immunology; autoimmunity; RNA sequencing; immunotranscriptomics; translational oncology; immunoregulatory cytokines
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Currently, chronic immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), including, but not restricted to, autoimmune conditions, which present ever-increasing prevalence worldwide. Rheumatoid and psoriatic arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, multiple sclerosis, and others affect a significant proportion of human population. In addition to the irreversible impairment of the target tissue, IMIDs may also be accompanied by life-threatening comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease and neoplasia development, while their course is characterized by relapsing exacerbations leading to life-long morbidity. Unfortunately, current therapeutics are not able to efficiently manage all patients and there is a significant proportion of non-responders; this is possibly associated with the remaining missing insights regarding their underlying pathophysiology.

Recent technological advances facilitated high-throughput omics approaches (genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) for the evaluation of critical molecular compartments involved in the development and perpetuation of IMIDs. Unveiling key players governing their pathogenesis and progression may pave the way for the detection of novel biomarkers for disease prognosis and response-to-therapy monitoring, while suggesting potential therapeutic targets.

Bulk and single-cell omics, multi-omics flow cytometry, new-generation microscopy, and systems biology are among the current approaches expected to provide useful tools for applications in daily clinical practice and the improvement of patient management and quality of life.

After having success in collecting significant number of valuable manuscripts, this Special Issue of Biomedicines, titled “Omics Approaches on Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases: Towards Novel Biomarkers and Potential Therapeutic Targets, 3rd Edition”, is now launching its third volume, aiming at hosting more original research, reviews, or systematic review articles describing the most recent advances in the field of omics on IMIDs, possibly suggesting novel biomarkers and/or therapeutic targets.

Dr. Maria-Ioanna Christodoulou
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • IMIDs
  • IBD
  • Crohn’s disease
  • ulcerative colitis
  • SLE
  • Sjogren’s syndrome
  • rheumatoid arthritis
  • psoriatic arthritis
  • multiple sclerosis
  • bulk and single-cell omics
  • multi-omics flow cytometry
  • next-generation microscopy
  • tissue microarrays
  • systems biology

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

33 pages, 1431 KB  
Review
Microbiota-Driven Immune Dysregulation Along the Gut–Lung–Vascular Axis in Asthma and Atherosclerosis
by Elena-Larisa Zimbru, Răzvan-Ionuț Zimbru, Florina-Maria Bojin, Sorin Dan Chiriac, Laura Haidar, Minodora Andor, Gabriela Tănasie, Carmen Tatu, Marius Georgescu, Cristina Uța, Camelia-Felicia Bănărescu, Sabine Groza and Carmen Panaitescu
Biomedicines 2026, 14(1), 73; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines14010073 - 29 Dec 2025
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Abstract
Background: Asthma and atherosclerosis frequently coexist in clinical populations and share convergent immunometabolic pathways amplified by gut microbial dysbiosis. We propose the gut–lung–vascular axis as a unifying mechanistic framework connecting epithelial and endothelial inflammation providing a foundation for understanding shared inflammatory mechanisms beyond [...] Read more.
Background: Asthma and atherosclerosis frequently coexist in clinical populations and share convergent immunometabolic pathways amplified by gut microbial dysbiosis. We propose the gut–lung–vascular axis as a unifying mechanistic framework connecting epithelial and endothelial inflammation providing a foundation for understanding shared inflammatory mechanisms beyond tissue-specific disease boundaries. Methods: A targeted narrative review systematically appraised clinical, experimental and multi-omics studies published over the last five years to delineate microbiota-driven pathways relevant to asthma and atherosclerosis. Particular emphasis was placed on specific microbial taxa, metabolite profiles and immunometabolic networks that connect gut dysbiosis with respiratory and cardiovascular dysfunction. Results: Across human and experimental cohorts, dysbiosis marked by depletion of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) producing taxa (Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, Bacteroides) and enrichment of pathobionts (Proteobacteria, Haemophilus, Moraxella, Streptococcus) promotes epithelial and endothelial barrier dysfunction, amplifying Th2/Th17-skewed inflammation and endothelial injury. Key metabolites, including SCFAs, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), secondary bile acids (BA), indole/tryptophan derivatives and lipopolysaccharides (LPS), serve as molecular connectors linking gut, airway and vascular inflammation. Microbial signatures and metabolomic patterns hold emerging diagnostic and therapeutic potential, and several drug classes (e.g., statins, corticosteroids, proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs)) further modulate host–microbiota interactions. Conclusions: Shared microbial taxa and metabolite signatures in asthma and atherosclerosis support microbiota-mediated immune dysregulation along the gut–lung–vascular axis as a common pathogenic framework. Microbial and metabolite profiling may enable improved risk stratification and precise, microbiota-targeted therapies. Integrating microbiome-informed diagnostics and personalized interventions could help reduce systemic inflammation and the burden of these overlapping inflammatory diseases. Full article
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