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Biomedicines
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The Era of Personalized Medicine in the Landscape of Rare...
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The Era of Personalized Medicine in the Landscape of Rare Tumors

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 6726

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Toni Ibrahim

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Guest Editor
Osteoncology, Bone and Soft Tissue Sarcomas and Innovative Therapies Unit, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
Interests: osteo-oncology; rare tumors; head and neck tumors; immunotherapy; regenerative medicine
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Laura Mercatali

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Osteoncology Unit, Bioscience Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo Per Lo Studio Dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
Interests: osteo-oncology; rare tumors; regenerative medicine; 3D culture; zebrafish in vivo models
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Alessandro De Vita

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Guest Editor
Osteoncology and Rare Tumors Center (CDO-TR), Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
Interests: osteo-oncology; rare tumors; head and neck tumors; regenerative medicine; nanotechnology; 3D culture
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Chiara Liverani

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Osteoncology Unit, Bioscience Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo Per Lo Studio Dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
Interests: osteo-oncology; rare tumors; head and neck tumors; regenerative medicine; bioengineering; 3D culture

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The interest in personalized medicine, also referred to as precision medicine, has been rapidly growing in the last decade. This is especially evident in the field of rare tumors, which represent a heterogeneous group of solid malignancies accounting for 20–25% of all neoplasms. Today, about 250 different entities are recognized by the WHO. Their extraordinary diversity in terms of diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy affects patient management, which is still challenging compared to that of common tumor types. In order to solve the unmet scientific and clinical needs, personalized medicine has been proposed as a new window of opportunity.

This Special Issue will cover all aspects around recent advancements in the field of personalized medicine in the panorama of rare tumors. Original articles, reviews, and case reports are welcome.

Potential topics include but are not limited to:

  • Preclinical and translational pharmacology on rare tumors assessing standard and innovative therapeutic strategies;
  • High-throughput molecular analysis for rare tumor fingerprinting;
  • Prognostic and predictive biomarkers of rare tumors;
  • Histology-driven chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapies;
  • New insights into the role of cancer immunotherapy and TKIs;
  • Clinical toxicology related to new drugs and schedules.

Dr. Toni Ibrahim
Dr. Laura Mercatali
Dr. Alessandro De Vita
Dr. Chiara Liverani
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomedicines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • personalized medicine
  • rare tumors
  • tailored therapy
  • gene expression profiling
  • pharmacology
  • chemotherapy
  • immunotherapy
  • targeted therapy
  • toxicology

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 3683 KiB  
Article
Analysis of PD-L1 and CD3 Expression in Glioblastoma Patients and Correlation with Outcome: A Single Center Report
by Navid Sobhani, Victoria Bouchè, Giovanni Aldegheri, Andrea Rocca, Alberto D’Angelo, Fabiola Giudici, Cristina Bottin, Carmine Antonio Donofrio, Maurizio Pinamonti, Benvenuto Ferrari, Stefano Panni, Marika Cominetti, Jahard Aliaga, Marco Ungari, Antonio Fioravanti, Fabrizio Zanconati and Daniele Generali
Biomedicines 2023, 11(2), 311; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11020311 - 22 Jan 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2256
Abstract
With the advent of immunotherapies, the field of cancer therapy has been revived with new hope, especially for cancers with dismal prognoses, such as the glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Currently, immunotherapies should potentiate the host’s own antitumor immune response against cancer cells, but it [...] Read more.
With the advent of immunotherapies, the field of cancer therapy has been revived with new hope, especially for cancers with dismal prognoses, such as the glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Currently, immunotherapies should potentiate the host’s own antitumor immune response against cancer cells, but it has been documented that they are effective only in small subsets of patients. Therefore, accurate predictors of response are urgently needed to identify who will benefit from immune-modulatory therapies. Brain tumors are challenging in terms of treatments. The immune response in the brain is highly regulated, and the immune microenvironment in brain metastases is active with a high density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs, CD3+ T cells) in certain patients and, therefore, may serve as a potential treatment target. In our study, we performed immunohistochemistry for CD3 and PD-L1 along the routine assessment of the O6-methylguanine-methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter methylation status and the IDH1 and 2 status in a single center cohort of 69 patients with GBM (58 primary tumors and 11 recurrences) who underwent standard multimodal therapies (surgery/radiotherapy/adjuvant temozolamide). We analyzed the association of PD-L1 tumor expression and TILs with overall survival (OS). The PD-L1 expression was observed in 25 of 58 (43%) newly diagnosed primary glioblastoma specimens. The sparse-to-moderate density of TILs, identified with CD3+ expression, was found in 48 of 58 (83%) specimens. Neither PD-L1 expression nor TILs were associated with overall survival. In conclusion, TILs and/or PD-L1 expression are detectable in the majority of glioblastoma samples, and even if they slightly relate to the outcome, they do not show a statistically significant correlation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Era of Personalized Medicine in the Landscape of Rare Tumors)
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Review

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27 pages, 1324 KiB  
Review
Beyond Imaging and Genetic Signature in Glioblastoma: Radiogenomic Holistic Approach in Neuro-Oncology
by Lidia Gatto, Enrico Franceschi, Alicia Tosoni, Vincenzo Di Nunno, Caterina Tonon, Raffaele Lodi, Raffaele Agati, Stefania Bartolini and Alba Ariela Brandes
Biomedicines 2022, 10(12), 3205; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10123205 - 09 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1811
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant brain tumor exhibiting rapid and infiltrative growth, with less than 10% of patients surviving over 5 years, despite aggressive and multimodal treatments. The poor prognosis and the lack of effective pharmacological treatments are imputable to a remarkable histological [...] Read more.
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignant brain tumor exhibiting rapid and infiltrative growth, with less than 10% of patients surviving over 5 years, despite aggressive and multimodal treatments. The poor prognosis and the lack of effective pharmacological treatments are imputable to a remarkable histological and molecular heterogeneity of GBM, which has led, to date, to the failure of precision oncology and targeted therapies. Identification of molecular biomarkers is a paradigm for comprehensive and tailored treatments; nevertheless, biopsy sampling has proved to be invasive and limited. Radiogenomics is an emerging translational field of research aiming to study the correlation between radiographic signature and underlying gene expression. Although a research field still under development, not yet incorporated into routine clinical practice, it promises to be a useful non-invasive tool for future personalized/adaptive neuro-oncology. This review provides an up-to-date summary of the recent advancements in the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) radiogenomics for the assessment of molecular markers of interest in GBM regarding prognosis and response to treatments, for monitoring recurrence, also providing insights into the potential efficacy of such an approach for survival prognostication. Despite a high sensitivity and specificity in almost all studies, accuracy, reproducibility and clinical value of radiomic features are the Achilles heel of this newborn tool. Looking into the future, investigators’ efforts should be directed towards standardization and a disciplined approach to data collection, algorithms, and statistical analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Era of Personalized Medicine in the Landscape of Rare Tumors)
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Other

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12 pages, 481 KiB  
Viewpoint
The Application of Evidence-Based Medicine in Individualized Medicine
by Peter Van de Vliet, Tobias Sprenger, Linde F. C. Kampers, Jennifer Makalowski, Volker Schirrmacher, Wilfried Stücker and Stefaan W. Van Gool
Biomedicines 2023, 11(7), 1793; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11071793 - 23 Jun 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2070
Abstract
The fundamental aim of healthcare is to improve overall health of the population by providing state-of-the-art healthcare for individuals at an affordable cost. The foundation for this system is largely referred to as “evidence-based medicine”. Too often, evidence-based medicine is based solely on [...] Read more.
The fundamental aim of healthcare is to improve overall health of the population by providing state-of-the-art healthcare for individuals at an affordable cost. The foundation for this system is largely referred to as “evidence-based medicine”. Too often, evidence-based medicine is based solely on so-called “best research evidence”, collected through randomized controlled trials while disregarding clinical expertise and patient expectations. As healthcare gravitates towards personalized and individualized medicine, such external clinical (research) evidence can inform, but never replace, individual clinical expertise. This applies in particular to orphan diseases, for which clinical trials are methodologically particularly problematic, and evidence derived from them is often questionable. Evidence-based medicine constitutes a complex process to allow doctors and patients to select the best possible solutions for each individual based on rapidly developing new therapeutic directions. This requires a revisit of the foundations of evidence-based medicine. A proposition as to how to manage evidence-based data in individualized immune-oncology is presented here. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Era of Personalized Medicine in the Landscape of Rare Tumors)
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