Role of Placenta-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Human Health and Disease

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Biology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2024 | Viewed by 650

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Department of Surgery, Dentistry, Paediatrics and Gynaecology, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
Interests: pediatric urology and surgery; stem cells
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The placenta is a temporary organ that regulates the exchange of nutrients, metabolites, gases, antibodies, and all that is required to establish the environment where a fetus can develop until birth. Several cell types of maternal and fetal origins contribute to accomplishing these functions. At full term, the placenta is usually discarded but it represents an abundant source of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and thus could provide cell precursors for cell therapy. In addition to their self-renewal ability, immunomodulatory properties, and plasticity, placenta-derived MSCs are neither teratogenic nor liable of ethical limitations. 

As compared to MSCs derived from bone marrow and from other tissues, placenta-derived MSCs remain under-investigated. Given the development of tissue engineering, cellular therapies and artificial organs, there will be an increasing need for cells endowed with plasticity and trophic properties. This Special Issue aims to collect reviews and research papers describing the functional properties and the potential of MSCs and any other aspect that may help to take advantage of this precious resource for regenerative therapies.

Dr. Luca Giacomello
Guest Editor

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

22 pages, 656 KiB  
Review
The Placenta as a Source of Human Material for Neuronal Repair
by Alessia Dallatana, Linda Cremonesi, Francesco Pezzini, Gianluca Fontana, Giulio Innamorati and Luca Giacomello
Biomedicines 2024, 12(7), 1567; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12071567 - 15 Jul 2024
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Abstract
Stem cell therapy has the potential to meet unsolved problems in tissue repair and regeneration, particularly in the neural tissues. However, an optimal source has not yet been found. Growing evidence indicates that positive effects produced in vivo by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) [...] Read more.
Stem cell therapy has the potential to meet unsolved problems in tissue repair and regeneration, particularly in the neural tissues. However, an optimal source has not yet been found. Growing evidence indicates that positive effects produced in vivo by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be due not only to their plasticity but also to secreted molecules including extracellular vesicles (EVs) and the extracellular matrix (ECM). Trophic effects produced by MSCs may reveal the key to developing effective tissue-repair strategies, including approaches based on brain implants or other implantable neural electrodes. In this sense, MSCs will become increasingly valuable and needed in the future. The placenta is a temporary organ devoted to protecting and supporting the fetus. At the same time, the placenta represents an abundant and extremely convenient source of MSCs. Nonetheless, placenta-derived MSCs (P-MSCs) remain understudied as compared to MSCs isolated from other sources. This review outlines the limited literature describing the neuroregenerative effects of P-MSC-derived biomaterials and advocates for exploiting the potential of this untapped source for human regenerative therapies. Full article
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