Nano-Based Drug Delivery and Drug Discovery

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Nanomedicine and Nanobiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 2459

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
Interests: biosensors; functional nucleic acids; nanomaterials; functional DNA nanotechnology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nanotechnology involves the manipulation and utilization of materials, devices, and systems at the nanometer scale. This rapidly evolving field presents numerous opportunities and a wide array of applications across engineering, medicine, and life sciences. Drug delivery encompasses the various methods by which a drug or active agent is transported to target cells to address health issues or diseases. Nanotechnology shows promise as the preferred platform for drug delivery when addressing the challenges of conventional medications used in the treatment and management of various diseases and developing innovative treatment and diagnostic approaches. By using nanoparticles, drug bioavailability can be enhanced, targeted drug accumulation can be increased, and drug-related side effects can be minimized, ultimately resulting in improved therapeutic outcomes and enhanced patient adherence to treatment protocols.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Drug targeting and release (nanoparticles functionalization and optimization, and stimuli-responsive targeting and releasing).
  • Multiple drug administration (multifunctional nanoparticles, combination nanomedicines, personalized nanomedicine, theragnostic nanoparticles, and sequential drug release).
  • Nanocarriers in drug delivery (design and optimization of nanocarriers, and the role of nanocarriers in drug delivery).
  • Smart drug delivery system and its clinical potential.
  • Applications of nano-based systems for drug delivery.

Dr. Xiangli Shao
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • nanotechnology
  • drug discovery
  • drug delivery
  • nanocarriers
  • nanomaterials
  • drug targeting
  • drug release
  • drug therapeutic

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 5723 KiB  
Article
Magnetoelectric Extracellular Vesicle Latency-Targeting (MELT) Nanotherapeutic for the Block-Lock-and-Kill HIV Eradication Strategy
by Mickensone Andre, Nagesh Kolishetti, Adriana Yndart, Arti Vashist, Madhavan Nair and Andrea D. Raymond
Biomedicines 2025, 13(1), 147; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13010147 - 9 Jan 2025
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Abstract
Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) establishes latent infections in cellular reservoirs, including microglia. HC69 cells, a microglial model of HIV latency, contain an HIV promoter long terminal repeat (LTR)-GFP reporter and were used for testing the efficacy of a two-step magnetoelectric nanoparticle (MENP) [...] Read more.
Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) establishes latent infections in cellular reservoirs, including microglia. HC69 cells, a microglial model of HIV latency, contain an HIV promoter long terminal repeat (LTR)-GFP reporter and were used for testing the efficacy of a two-step magnetoelectric nanoparticle (MENP) and extracellular vesicle (xEV) latency-targeting (MELT) nanotherapeutic. GFP expression in HC69 at rest is low (GFPLo), and upon exposure to LTR, transcription-activating agents (i.e., TNF-α) are induced to be high expressing (GFPHi). Methods: The first step of MELT utilized ZL0580, an HIV Tat inhibitor loaded into EVs (80%) via incubation. ZL0580-EVs were taken up by GFPLo and blocked LTR transcriptional reactivation by 50% and were 90% less toxic than ZL0580 alone. The second step in MELT involved conjugation of monomethyl auristatin E (MMAE) to MENPs. HPLC measurements showed 80% MMAE attachment to MENPs. Flow cytometry-based measurements of the membrane potential indicated that the membranes of GFPHi HC69 were 60% more polarized than GFPLo HC69 cells. More MMAE–MENPs were internalized by GFPLo HC69. Results: Using a mixed-cell blood–brain barrier (BBB) Transwell model, we demonstrated that 20% of MELT crossed the BBB, was taken up by HC69 cells, and reduced LTR reactivation by 10%. Conclusions: Overall, this study demonstrated that MELT can potentially be utilized as a nanotherapeutic to target HIV latency in microglia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nano-Based Drug Delivery and Drug Discovery)
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19 pages, 4683 KiB  
Article
Multifractal Analysis and Experimental Evaluation of MCM-48 Mesoporous Silica as a Drug Delivery System for Metformin Hydrochloride
by Mousa Sha’at, Maria Ignat, Liviu Sacarescu, Adrian Florin Spac, Alexandra Barsan (Bujor), Vlad Ghizdovat, Emanuel Nazaretian, Catalin Dumitras, Maricel Agop, Cristina Marcela Rusu and Lacramioara Ochiuz
Biomedicines 2024, 12(12), 2838; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12122838 - 13 Dec 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 900
Abstract
Background: This study explored the potential of MCM-48 mesoporous silica matrices as a drug delivery system for metformin hydrochloride, aimed at improving the therapeutic management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The objectives included the synthesis and characterization of MCM-48, assessment of its [...] Read more.
Background: This study explored the potential of MCM-48 mesoporous silica matrices as a drug delivery system for metformin hydrochloride, aimed at improving the therapeutic management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The objectives included the synthesis and characterization of MCM-48, assessment of its drug loading capacity, analysis of drug release profiles under simulated physiological conditions, and the development of a multifractal dynamics-based theoretical framework to model and interpret the release kinetics. Methods: MCM-48 was synthesized using a sol–gel method and characterized by SEM-EDX, TEM, and nitrogen adsorption techniques. Drug loading was performed via adsorption at pH 12 using metformin hydrochloride solutions of 1 mg/mL (P-1) and 3 mg/mL (P-2). In vitro dissolution studies were conducted to evaluate the release profiles in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids. A multifractal dynamics model was developed to interpret the release kinetics. Results: SEM-EDX confirmed the uniform distribution of silicon and oxygen, while TEM images revealed a highly ordered cubic mesoporous structure. Nitrogen adsorption analyses showed a high specific surface area of 1325.96 m²/g for unloaded MCM-48, which decreased with drug loading, confirming efficient incorporation of metformin hydrochloride. The loading capacities were 59.788 mg/g (P-1) and 160.978 mg/g (P-2), with efficiencies of 99.65% and 89.43%, respectively. In vitro dissolution studies showed a biphasic release profile: an initial rapid release in gastric conditions followed by sustained release in intestinal fluids, achieving cumulative releases of 92.63% (P-1) and 82.64% (P-2) after 14 hours. The multifractal dynamics-based theoretical release curves closely matched the experimental data. Conclusions: MCM-48 mesoporous silica effectively enhanced metformin delivery, offering a controlled release profile well-suited for type 2 diabetes management. The multifractal theoretical framework provided valuable insights into drug release dynamics, contributing to the advancement of innovative drug delivery systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nano-Based Drug Delivery and Drug Discovery)
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