Innovations in Radiation Oncology

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Biology and Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2026 | Viewed by 140

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
Interests: thoracic malignancies; gastrointestinal malignancies; radiation oncology; cancer therapy; artificial intelligence; CNS diseases

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

The field of radiation oncology has been revolutionized by recent innovations in technology, allowing for increasingly personalized clinical care. Artificial intelligence (AI)-based tools have been leveraged to improve efficiency with auto-contouring and planning, and the use of machine learning has led to improved outcome predictions. Additionally, the advancement of precision medicine has been supported by the recent integration of radiomics, biomarkers such as ctDNA, and genomics in treatment decisions. Furthermore, adaptive radiotherapy and real-time imaging innovations seen with MR-linacs, CBCT-based adaptation and real-time motion monitoring have transformed the way radiation is being delivered. The modern era of radiation has been characterized by the evolution of novel, innovative technology and the goal of this Special Issue is to stimulate research interests in this rapidly transforming landscape with the hope of further personalizing patient care, improving oncologic outcomes, and reshaping clinical radiation oncology.

Dr. Caressa Hui
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • adaptive radiotherapy
  • cancer biomarkers
  • genomics
  • artificial intelligence
  • radiation oncology
  • machine learning
  • precision oncology
  • radiogenomics
  • ctDNA

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

14 pages, 3030 KB  
Article
Potential Role of T2-Weighted Kurtosis in Improving Response Prediction of Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer as Additional Tool Gained from Standard MRI Examination
by Aleksandra Jankovic, Marko Ž. Daković, Milica Badza Atanasijevic, Milica Mitrovic-Jovanovic, Katarina Stosic, Dimitrije Sarac, Jelena Sisevic, Dusan Saponjski, Ivan Dimitrijević, Marko Miladinov, Jelenko Jelenković, Ljubica Lazic, Goran Barisic, Aleksandra Djuric-Stefanovic and Jelena Kovac
Biomedicines 2025, 13(12), 3003; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13123003 - 8 Dec 2025
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Abstract
Background: Reliable and accurate prediction of treatment response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is usually demanding and continues to pose a challenge. Kurtosis as a histogram parameter calculated on T2-weighted MRI sequences might be an additional tool, as [...] Read more.
Background: Reliable and accurate prediction of treatment response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) is usually demanding and continues to pose a challenge. Kurtosis as a histogram parameter calculated on T2-weighted MRI sequences might be an additional tool, as it represents a quantitative biomarker for response prediction. It is defined as a measure of distributions’ tails relative to the center of the distribution curve, which reflects tissue heterogeneity. The aim of the study was to evaluate the added value of T2-weighted kurtosis in predicting pathological response to nCRT in patients with LARC. Methods: a single-center cohort study included 71 patients with LARC who underwent both initial and post-nCRT MRI examinations followed by surgical resection in the form of the total mesorectal excision (TME). Histogram analysis was performed using software MIPAV (Medical Image Processing, Analysis, and Visualization, version 11.3.2, developed by the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA) on T2-weighted sequences, extracting kurtosis along with other histogram parameters. Pathological tumor regression grade (pTRG) in accordance with Mandard classification was considered the gold standard. Patients were classified as responders (pTRG 1–2) or non-responders (pTRG 3–5). Results: while other histogram parameters did not show statistically significant differences between groups, post-treatment values of kurtosis were significantly higher in responders compared to non-responders (4.28 ± 0.73 vs. 3.01 ± 0.17, p = 0.024). The F1 score as a classification metric (0.821) indicates an improvement in classification performance following therapy. Conclusions: T2-weighted kurtosis might be a significant tool in predicting pathological response to nCRT, representing a potentially valuable quantitative biomarker that could improve treatment response assessment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovations in Radiation Oncology)
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