Chronic Vascular Impairment in Heart, Brain, and Kidney Disorders: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Biology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 March 2026 | Viewed by 416

Special Issue Editor


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Department of Biomedical and Nutritional Sciences, Zackerburg College of Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts, 3 Solomont Way, Suite 4, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
Interests: atherosclerosis; lipoprotein; inflammation; antioxidants; oxidative stress; cardiovascular diseases; neurodegenerative disorders, laboratory medicine and analytical method validation; nutrition and population health
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, and renal disorders are increasingly recognized as sharing common vascular pathologies that compromise organ function and accelerate disease progression. Vascular impairment including endothelial dysfunction, blood–brain barrier disruption, glomerular injury, and microvascular rarefaction plays a central role in the pathogenesis of heart, brain, and kidney diseases. This Special Issue explores the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying vascular dysfunction in conditions such as heart failure, stroke, Alzheimer's disease, chronic kidney disease, and vascular dementia. Key themes include the role of oxidative stress, inflammation, lipid signaling, and endothelial–mesenchymal transition in driving vascular pathology across these organ systems. Additionally, the issue highlights emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at preserving or restoring vascular integrity ranging from pharmacological interventions and lifestyle-based approaches to novel gene and cell therapies. By integrating insights from cardiovascular, neurovascular, and renal research, this collection aims to foster a more unified understanding of systemic vascular health and promote translational advances in the treatment of complex multi-organ disorders.

Dr. Mahdi O. Garelnabi
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • atherosclerosis
  • lipoprotein
  • inflammation
  • antioxidants
  • oxidative stress
  • cardiovascular diseases
  • neurodegenerative disorders
  • blood–brain barrier
  • stroke
  • Alzheimer's disease
  • kidney

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

19 pages, 3101 KB  
Article
Perioperative Profiles of Immune Cells in Patients with Postoperative Delirium After Cardiac Surgery with Cardiopulmonary Bypass
by Juan Wu, Zhenzhen Cheng, Xinyi Liao, Ping Yang, Qinjuan Wu, Tingting Wang, Wentong Meng, Zongcheng Tang and Lei Du
Biomedicines 2025, 13(12), 2962; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13122962 - 1 Dec 2025
Viewed by 291
Abstract
Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) is known to involve systemic inflammatory responses, but the characteristics of the immune cell types involved in these responses are unclear. Methods: In this prospective study, we compared relative abundances and transcriptomes of circulating immune cells between patients who [...] Read more.
Background: Postoperative delirium (POD) is known to involve systemic inflammatory responses, but the characteristics of the immune cell types involved in these responses are unclear. Methods: In this prospective study, we compared relative abundances and transcriptomes of circulating immune cells between patients who experienced POD (n = 11) or not (n = 109) within 7 days after elective cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Blood was sampled before and at 24 h after surgery; features of immune cells were profiled using multi-channel spectral flow cytometry, 10× single-cell RNA sequencing, and measurement of plasma levels of cytokines. Results: Patients with POD were older and with higher incidence of congestive heart failure than patients without POD, and these risk factors in turn positively correlated with preoperative proportion of CD40+/HLA-DR+ monocytes and CD69+CD8+ T cells. In addition, preoperative activation of antigen presentation in monocytes and chemotaxis in CD8+ T cells, as well as elevated plasma levels of chemokines CCL3 and CXCL8, were detected in patients with POD. After cardiac surgery, activation of antigen presentation and chemotaxis were also found in patients with POD. Conclusions: This study described the perioperative landscape of immune cells in POD and found possible links between preoperative immune dysfunction and risk factors, which may guide future research to explore how the immune system contributes to POD and to design preventive strategies. Full article
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