Animal Models for the Study of Cardiovascular Physiology—Second Edition

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Cell Biology and Pathology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2025 | Viewed by 616

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Guest Editor
1. Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Campus of Bauru, Bauru, SP, Brazil
2. Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences (PIPGCF), Federal University of Sao Carlos and São Paulo State University, UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, Brazil
Interests: hypertension; skeletal muscle; arterial stiffness; exercise training
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Dear Colleagues,

Cardiovascular diseases, which include coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, rheumatic heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, and other conditions, represent the leading cause of death worldwide. Stroke and ischemic diseases are among the top 10 diseases regarding mortality rate worldwide, and these conditions are also consequences of hypertension. Since there are several behavioral risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, such as an unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, tobacco consumption, and the harmful use of alcohol, associated with hypertension, diabetes, and excess weight, the treatment for these pathologies can be very complex. Therefore, a deeper understanding of the disease mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases could significantly contribute to more effective treatment and to a reduction in premature deaths from these diseases. Animal models are useful as they represent the main strategy for exploring the different mechanisms involved in cardiovascular diseases. Overall, this Special Issue invites you and your colleagues to share your expertise and knowledge by submitting original research articles, systematic reviews, and review articles that report new ideas and recent advances related to this topic.

Dr. Sandra Lia Amaral
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • hypertension
  • stroke
  • myocardium infarction
  • arterial stiffness
  • supravalvular aortic stenosis
  • cardiac remodeling
  • capillary angiogenesis
  • exercise training
  • vascular diseases
  • non-pharmacological treatment

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Review

25 pages, 4280 KB  
Review
Deciphering the Enigma of Calcific Aortic Valve Disease: The Pivotal Role of Animal Models in Unraveling Pathogenesis and Advancing Therapeutic Strategies
by Pengning Fan, Yuqi Liu, Xingyu Qian, Fuqiang Tong, Yidan Zheng, Zhengfeng Fan, Ming Chen, Zhe Chen, Haoyang Zhai, Teng Zeng, Nianguo Dong, Fei Li, Xucong Shi and Li Xu
Biomedicines 2025, 13(10), 2369; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13102369 - 27 Sep 2025
Abstract
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a prevalent cardiovascular condition and is the most common heart valve disease globally. Hyperlipidemia and aging are key risk factors; consequently, with the aging global population, CAVD incidence continues to rise. Despite extensive research, the pathogenesis of [...] Read more.
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is a prevalent cardiovascular condition and is the most common heart valve disease globally. Hyperlipidemia and aging are key risk factors; consequently, with the aging global population, CAVD incidence continues to rise. Despite extensive research, the pathogenesis of CAVD remains unclear, leading to a lack of effective pharmacological therapies. Consequently, valve replacement surgery persists as the primary treatment option. Establishing suitable animal models is crucial for investigating the complex pathophysiological mechanisms of CAVD in vivo, although an optimal model has yet to be identified. This review provides a concise overview of CAVD pathogenesis and summarizes the application of common animal models—including mice, rats, rabbits, and pigs—in studying valve calcification. We specifically detail the construction of various models and their associated calcific aortic valve phenotypes. Furthermore, we outline common detection methods for assessing aortic valve calcification in these models and suggest future directions for developing improved animal models relevant to CAVD research. Full article
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