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Biomedicines
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Molecular Mechanisms and Treatments on Musculoskeletal Disorders
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Molecular Mechanisms and Treatments on Musculoskeletal Disorders

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular and Translational Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2025) | Viewed by 9445

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Wei-Bin Hsu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Sports Medicine Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, No. 6, West Section, Chia-Pu Road, Chia-Yi County, Pu-Tz City 61363, Taiwan
Interests: osteoporosis; sarcopenia; osteogenesis; osteoclastogenesis; sports medicine
Dr. Meng-Huang Wu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Orthopaedics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
2. Department of Orthopedics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
3. TMU Biodesign Center, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
Interests: orthopedics; osteoporosis; medicine chemistry biochemistry; genetics and molecular biology; biodesign; pain management; spinal disorder; medical device; clinical trial
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

Geriatric medicine is more emphasized in the decade because of a serious public problem in the whole world, population aging. With the age, multiple organ systems are going to functional decline such as the brain, heart, nerves, and musculoskeletal system, etc. Especially, the decline of the musculoskeletal system will have a high risk to impair daily activity. The sequela of sarcopenia may result in the impairment of physical activity or an increase in fall risk. Osteoporosis results in bone fragility and increases the risk of fractures. In addition, osteoporotic fractures increase mortality, morbidity, and chronic pain. Most osteoporotic fractures resulted from falls. Approximately 35% to 45% of people aged 65 or older fall at least once a year, and the occurrence of falls increases in frequency and severity in older adults. The decrease in the capacity of independent living and health-related quality of life, resulting from musculoskeletal system disorder, make the subsequent high health care costs. Therefore, figuring out the molecular mechanisms of the musculoskeletal system and developing treatments for musculoskeletal disorders are very important in the aging society.

Dr. Wei-Bin Hsu
Dr. Meng-Huang Wu
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • osteoporosis
  • sarcopenia
  • osteoblast
  • osteoclast
  • myoblast
  • satellite cell

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Published Papers (3 papers)

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48 pages, 1963 KB  
Review
Thick or Thin? Implications of Cartilage Architecture for Osteoarthritis Risk in Sedentary Lifestyles
by Eloy del Río
Biomedicines 2025, 13(7), 1650; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines13071650 - 6 Jul 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1200
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of disability worldwide and is characterized by the gradual degradation of articular cartilage in weight-bearing joints, notably the knees and hips. However, the primary morphological and anatomical determinants of the disease onset and progression remain unclear. This [...] Read more.
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of disability worldwide and is characterized by the gradual degradation of articular cartilage in weight-bearing joints, notably the knees and hips. However, the primary morphological and anatomical determinants of the disease onset and progression remain unclear. This narrative overview examines how variations in cartilage thickness—traditionally viewed as a biomechanical protective feature—can paradoxically compromise metabolic homeostasis during prolonged sedentary behavior. Intriguingly, compelling evidence suggests that despite its superior load-bearing capacity, thicker cartilage faces greater challenges in solute transport, a limitation further exacerbated by the formation of diffusion-resistant boundary layers at the cartilage–fluid interface during immobilization. This phenomenon restricts nutrient influx and impedes waste clearance, leading to the accumulation of catabolic byproducts in deep cartilage zones and accelerated extracellular matrix breakdown, potentially influencing OA pathogenesis. By critically synthesizing current debates on mechanical loading with emerging data on metabolic dysregulation, particularly nutrient diffusion limitations, this analysis underscores the urgent need for targeted investigation of synovial–cartilage interface dynamics and chondrocyte metabolism under low-motion conditions. This study further advocates for strategic research focusing on often-overlooked, silent metabolic imbalances among sedentary populations and recommends early-intervention strategies, such as periodic joint mobilization, ergonomic adaptations, and public-health campaigns, to reduce prolonged sitting, preserve joint function, and guide more effective prevention and management approaches for non-traumatic OA in contemporary contexts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms and Treatments on Musculoskeletal Disorders)
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16 pages, 12366 KB  
Case Report
Biomechanical Analysis of Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis and Osteoporosis: Vertebral Fracture Risk Evaluation Using Finite Element Modeling with Clinical and Micro-CT Data in an Elderly Donor
by Guido Schröder, Thomas Mittlmeier, Steffi S. I. Falk, Andreas Götz, Josephine Kruse, Estelle Akl, Hannes Kröger, Julian Ramin Andresen, Reimer Andresen, Hans-Christof Schober and Änne Glass
Biomedicines 2024, 12(11), 2496; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12112496 - 31 Oct 2024
Viewed by 1781
Abstract
Introduction: Biomechanical analysis of spinal structures is crucial in the evaluation of injuries, the risk of fracture, and age-related changes. Osteoporotic vertebrae are very fragile and therefore constitute a serious risk, especially in the elderly. Methods: At present, clinically relevant decision making in [...] Read more.
Introduction: Biomechanical analysis of spinal structures is crucial in the evaluation of injuries, the risk of fracture, and age-related changes. Osteoporotic vertebrae are very fragile and therefore constitute a serious risk, especially in the elderly. Methods: At present, clinically relevant decision making in fracture risk assessment is predicated upon finite element analysis (FEA), which utilizes high-resolution computed tomography (CT) scans from clinical practice alongside micro-CT scans from laboratory settings. Of particular interest is the utilization of cortical vertebral body thicknesses, as meticulously measured via micro-CT. The data from a body donation over 80 years old with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) and osteoporosis (OP) were utilized through FEA to evaluate stresses in cortical and trabecular bone and to predict the stiffness and deformability of the examined vertebral bodies. Results: The investigation revealed a higher density of cortical and cancellous bone in vertebrae affected by DISH. Cortical density was highest in the thoracic section (median 188 µm), while cancellous bone density was 222 HU in the cervical vertebrae. The load on cortical bone increased as we progressed towards the lumbar spine; however, it remained quite constant in cancellous bone. Despite a low bone density, we registered no fractures in vertebrae. Conclusions: The data showed that DISH increased the thickness of the cortical bone and the density of the cancellous bone. The combination of increased cortical and cancellous bone density might reduce the risk of fracture in patients with low bone density. These conclusions emphasize the significance of biomechanical properties in the assessment of fracture risk and have important implications for clinical practice, particularly in relation to the prevention of vertebral fractures in osteoporotic patients with DISH. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms and Treatments on Musculoskeletal Disorders)
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17 pages, 943 KB  
Study Protocol
Pre- and Postoperative Exercise Effectiveness in Mobility, Hemostatic Balance, and Prognostic Biomarkers in Hip Fracture Patients: A Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
by Apostolos Z. Skouras, Dimitrios Antonakis-Karamintzas, Charilaos Tsolakis, Argirios E. Tsantes, Georgia Kourlaba, Ioannis Zafeiris, Fotini Soucacos, Georgios Papagiannis, Athanasios Triantafyllou, Dimitra Houhoula, Olga Savvidou and Panagiotis Koulouvaris
Biomedicines 2023, 11(5), 1263; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11051263 - 24 Apr 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 5568
Abstract
Hip fractures are a major health concern, particularly for older adults, as they can reduce life quality, mobility loss, and even death. Current evidence reveals that early intervention is recommended for endurance in patients with hip fractures. To our knowledge, preoperative exercise intervention [...] Read more.
Hip fractures are a major health concern, particularly for older adults, as they can reduce life quality, mobility loss, and even death. Current evidence reveals that early intervention is recommended for endurance in patients with hip fractures. To our knowledge, preoperative exercise intervention in patients with hip fractures remains poorly researched, and no study has yet applied aerobic exercise preoperatively. This study aims to investigate the short-term benefits of a supervised preoperative aerobic moderate-intensity interval training (MIIT) program and the added effect of an 8-week postoperative MIIT aerobic exercise program with a portable upper extremity cycle ergometer. The work-to-recovery ratio will be 1-to-1, consisting of 120 s for each bout and four and eight rounds for the pre- and postoperative programs, respectively. The preoperative program will be delivered twice a day. A parallel group, single-blinded, randomized controlled trial (RCT) was planned to be conducted with 58 patients each in the intervention and control groups. This study has two primary purposes. First, to study the effect of a preoperative aerobic exercise program with a portable upper extremity cycle ergometer on immediate postoperative mobility. Second, to investigate the additional effect of an 8-week postoperative aerobic exercise program with a portable upper extremity cycle ergometer on the walking distance at eight weeks after surgery. This study also has several secondary objectives, such as ameliorating surgical and keeping hemostatic balance throughout exercise. This study may expand our knowledge of preoperative exercise effectiveness in hip fracture patients and enhance the current literature about early intervention benefits. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Mechanisms and Treatments on Musculoskeletal Disorders)
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