Advances in Vascular Vertigo

Dear Colleagues, 

When a patient arrives at an emergency department or at a clinic with an acute attack of vertigo (prolonged (≥24 hours) or transient (from minutes to < 24 hours), a major question facing the clinician is: what is the cause of this attack? Is it due to Ménière’s Disease (MD), vestibular neuritis (VN), superior vestibular neuritis (SVN), or labyrinthitis? However, the most urgent differential diagnosis is certainly that of defining whether the clinical syndrome afflicting the patient is of central or peripheral origin.

Vascular risk factors in the personal histories of patients must be taken into due consideration for a diagnosis of vascular vertigo/dizziness. The diagnostic criteria for vascular vertigo and dizziness have recently been defined by the Committee for the Classification of Vestibular Disorders of the Bárány Society.

In recent years, technological evolutions have enabled the introduction of highly refined instrumental supports into clinical diagnostic routines (for example, vHIT or VEMPs). Technology has certainly ensured the effectiveness of the evaluation criteria for patients who present with acute vestibular symptoms and additional central neurological symptoms and signs, including central HINTS signs (normal head-impulse test, direction-changing gaze-evoked nystagmus, or pronounced skew deviation).

The aims of this Special Issue are to raise awareness of this clinical diagnosis, to uncover the mechanisms of its pathophysiology, and to emphasize differential diagnosis approaches and outcomes following interventions. For example, isolated labyrinthine infarction does not yet have a confirmatory test, and can only be suspected in cases of acute unilateral vestibular loss if accompanied or followed by an ischemic stroke in the anterior inferior cerebellar artery territory within 30 days, as recommended by the guidelines of the Bárány Society.

Original research manuscripts and reviews related to vascular vertigo/dizziness are welcome.

Dr. Leonardo Manzari
Guest Editor

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• vertigo
• dizziness
• acute vestibular syndrome
• disequilibrium
• imbalance
• stroke
• cerebellum
• vascular
• infarction
• brainstem