The Influence of Solar and Astronomical Factors on Earth

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Climatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (8 December 2022) | Viewed by 7724

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Guest Editor
Laboratory of Cosmic Ray Physics, Ioffe Physico‐Technical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, 194021 St. Petersburg, Russia
Interests: solar paleoastrophysics; solar activity; solar–climatic relationship; paleoclimatology
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The ability of climate to influence many aspects of the life of modern humankind has been well known for a long time. The problems associated with global warming over the past 120 years have gone beyond pure science and have become the subject of lively political debate. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) recent issued its 6th Assessment Report which stated that: “The likely range of human-induced warming in global-mean surface temperature (GSAT) in 2010–2019 relative to 1850–1900 is 0.8 °C–1.3 °C, encompassing the observed warming of 0.9 °C–1.2 °C, while the change attributable to natural forcings is only −0.1 °C–0.1 °C.” Thus, according to IPCC, the temperature rise observed since the beginning of the 20th century is almost entirely a result of human activities, while the role of natural factors is minimal. On the other hand, evidence has recently emerged that the contribution of changes in solar activity to climate variations over different time scales may be appreciable. The influence of astronomical factors on the Earth's climate is also practically beyond doubt, as can be seen from the Milankovitch (orbital) cycles. These cycles are associated with variations in the parameters of the Earth’s orbit (precession, change in eccentricity, and obliquity) and affect the amount of energy that Earth absorbs from the Sun. They operate on long time scales, ranging from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of years, and influence long-term changes in the Earth’s climate, including the beginning and end of glaciation periods. Recently, evidence has been obtained that shorter-term astronomical cycles can also affect climate fluctuations. However, significant uncertainty remains in these matters. In addition, the mechanisms by which solar and astronomical factors affect the state of the atmosphere have not yet been clarified, so the question of their possible contribution to climate change in various regions of the Earth remains open. Therefore, further study of the influence of solar and astronomical factors on the Earth's climate is of considerable interest not only from a scientific, but also from a practical point of view.

Dr. Maxim G. Ogurtsov
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • solar activity
  • astronomic cycles
  • climatic forcings
  • climatology
  • paleoclimatology

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 8238 KiB  
Article
Telluric Currents Generated by Solar Flare Radiation: Physical Model and Numerical Estimations
by Valery Sorokin, Alexey Yaschenko, Georgy Mushkarev and Victor Novikov
Atmosphere 2023, 14(3), 458; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14030458 - 24 Feb 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 5343
Abstract
The current studies of solar-terrestrial relations and possible impact of space weather on the seismic activity are based on statistical analysis without detailed consideration of possible physical mechanism that results in fuzzy and contradictory conclusions. We propose to consider a hypothesis of electromagnetic [...] Read more.
The current studies of solar-terrestrial relations and possible impact of space weather on the seismic activity are based on statistical analysis without detailed consideration of possible physical mechanism that results in fuzzy and contradictory conclusions. We propose to consider a hypothesis of electromagnetic earthquake triggering by a sharp rise of telluric currents in lithosphere including crust faults due to interaction of solar flare X-ray radiation with ionosphere-atmosphere-lithosphere system resulted in a rise of telluric currents in the crust faults. This hypothesis is based on field and laboratory experiments carried out in Russia within the last forty years and clearly demonstrated a possibility of earthquake triggering by electric current injected into the fault. We developed a mathematical model and computer code for numerical estimations of telluric currents generated by solar flare radiations. The obtained numerical results demonstrate that solar flares can cause variations in the density of telluric currents in the crust faults, comparable to the current densities generated in the Earth’s crust by artificial pulsed power sources capable to trigger earthquakes. Consequently, the triggering of seismic events is possible not only by artificial sources of electric current, but also by ionospheric disturbances caused by strong solar flares. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Influence of Solar and Astronomical Factors on Earth)
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7 pages, 1485 KiB  
Article
A Study on Possible Solar Influence on the Climate of the Southern Hemisphere
by Maxim Ogurtsov
Atmosphere 2022, 13(5), 680; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13050680 - 24 Apr 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1871
Abstract
Three multi-proxy reconstructions of temperature in the Southern Hemisphere, were analyzed over the last millennium. Fourier and wavelet analysis showed that century-scale (55–120 years) and bicentennial (ca 250 years) variability is present in this series. That means that the climate of the Southern [...] Read more.
Three multi-proxy reconstructions of temperature in the Southern Hemisphere, were analyzed over the last millennium. Fourier and wavelet analysis showed that century-scale (55–120 years) and bicentennial (ca 250 years) variability is present in this series. That means that the climate of the Southern Hemisphere has periodicities similar to the solar cycles of Gleissberg and Suess. However, a comparison of the century-long variations in the Southern Hemisphere temperature records with the corresponding variation in four solar activity proxies showed that only one reconstruction of) displays century-long correlation with solar activity. The solar-like periodicities in the other two records do not show significant correlation with solar cycles. Therefore, based on the results obtained, it is difficult to draw a definite conclusion about the influence of solar activity on the climate of the Southern Hemisphere. To clarify this issue, it is necessary to obtain and analyze new independent temperature reconstructions in the Southern Hemisphere. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Influence of Solar and Astronomical Factors on Earth)
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