Atmospheric Processes Shaping Polar Climate

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Meteorology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 August 2020) | Viewed by 5983

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Oceanology department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Interests: arctic and subarctic seas; physical oceanography; ocean–air interaction; mathematical modeling; climate change
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The unprecedented decline of the Arctic sea ice between 2000 and the 2010s is an obvious indicator of ongoing climate change. There is growing evidence that a new state of the hydrometeorological regime is currently shaping under the rapidly changing conditions at the ocean surface in the marginal ice zones in the Atlantic and Pacific sectors of the Arctic Ocean. It is expected that this new state will be characterized by warmer and saltier well-mixed upper ocean layers instead of a quasi-two-layer structure with a cold and fresh upper layer under the permanent ice cover. A general north-eastward shift of such structural changes has already been documented in the Barents Sea and the Western Nansen Basin, where the main driver of change is the warm Atlantic Water inflow, and its influence on the upper ocean and the overlaying atmosphere has intensified due to the reduction of ice cover. For this Special Issue, we invite contributions on a variety of aspects of recent changes in the Arctic physical environment. We encourage submissions addressing interaction between ocean, atmosphere, and sea ice with particular emphasis on possible feedbacks and on studies linking changes in the Arctic to the mid-latitudes. Submissions that focus on newly emerging consequences of sea ice reduction on cryospheric and biogeochemical processes and their implications are very much welcome.

Dr. Vladimir Ivanov
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • Arctic sea ice
  • ocean–air interactions
  • feedbacks
  • atmospheric boundary layer
  • vertical mixing in the ocean
  • permafrost
  • climate change
  • biogeochemical processes

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 6843 KiB  
Article
Trends in Atmospheric Humidity and Temperature above Dome C, Antarctica Evaluated from Observations and Reanalyses
by Philippe Ricaud, Paolo Grigioni, Romain Roehrig, Pierre Durand and Dana E. Veron
Atmosphere 2020, 11(8), 836; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11080836 - 07 Aug 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2993
Abstract
The time evolution of humidity and temperature above Dome C (Antarctica) has been investigated by considering data from (1) meteorological radiosondes (2005–2017), (2) the microwave radiometer HAMSTRAD (2012–2017), (3) four modern meteorological reanalyses (1980–2017) and (4) the southern annular mode (SAM) index (1980–2017). [...] Read more.
The time evolution of humidity and temperature above Dome C (Antarctica) has been investigated by considering data from (1) meteorological radiosondes (2005–2017), (2) the microwave radiometer HAMSTRAD (2012–2017), (3) four modern meteorological reanalyses (1980–2017) and (4) the southern annular mode (SAM) index (1980–2017). From these observations (2005–2017), a significant moistening trend (0.08 ± 0.06 kg m−2 dec−1) is associated with a significant warming trend (1.08 ± 0.55 K dec−1) in summer. Conversely, a significant drying trend of −0.04 ± 0.03 kg m−2 dec−1 (−0.05 ± 0.03 kg m−2 dec−1) is associated with a significant cooling trend of −2.4 ± 1.2 K dec−1 (−5.1 ± 2.0 K dec−1) in autumn (winter), with no significant trends in the spring. We demonstrate that 1) the trends identified in the radiosondes (2005–2017) are also present in the reanalyses and 2) the multidecadal variability of integrated water vapor and near-surface temperature (1980–2017) is strongly influenced by variability in the SAM index for all seasons but spring. Our study suggests that the decadal trends observed in humidity and near-surface temperature at Dome C (2005–2017) reflect the multidecadal variability of the atmosphere, and are not indicative of long-term trends that may be related to global climate change. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Atmospheric Processes Shaping Polar Climate)
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25 pages, 7253 KiB  
Article
Influence of Novaya Zemlya Bora on Sea Waves: Satellite Measurements and Numerical Modeling
by Anna A. Shestakova, Stanislav A. Myslenkov and Alexandra M. Kuznetsova
Atmosphere 2020, 11(7), 726; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos11070726 - 07 Jul 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2608
Abstract
This paper investigates for the first time sea waves during Novaya Zemlya bora—a downslope windstorm on the western coast of the archipelago during eastern winds—using a statistical and case-study approach. Statistical analysis of altimeter data off the western coast of Novaya Zemlya during [...] Read more.
This paper investigates for the first time sea waves during Novaya Zemlya bora—a downslope windstorm on the western coast of the archipelago during eastern winds—using a statistical and case-study approach. Statistical analysis of altimeter data off the western coast of Novaya Zemlya during bora shows that, despite strong wind forcing, the frequency of hazard wave heights was low due to the limited fetch. This result was confirmed by the high-resolution numerical simulations of two severe bora episodes. However, the influence of bora on sea waves in some cases was significant: bora increased wave height at a distance from shore greater than 200 km and wave height anomaly was up to 2–3 m. The influence of the wind input parametrization choice during bora is great in the coastal region; however, parametrizations with fetch-limited modifications and strong-wind adopted aerodynamic drag coefficient do not improve the modeling results in the open sea where altimeter data are available. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Atmospheric Processes Shaping Polar Climate)
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