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Atmosphere
Special Issues
Microclimate of the Heritage Buildings
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Microclimate of the Heritage Buildings

A special issue of Atmosphere (ISSN 2073-4433). This special issue belongs to the section "Climatology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (28 July 2023) | Viewed by 4050

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Harold Enrique Huerto-Cardenas

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Architecture, Built Environment and Construction Engineering Department, Politecnico di Milano, via Ponzio 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
Interests: cultural heritage; whole-building simulation; model validation; preventive conservation; microclimate; climate-induced risk assessment; climate change
Dr. Fabrizio Leonforte

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Architecture, Built Environment and Construction Engineering Department, Politecnico di Milano, via Ponzio 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
Interests: energy efficiency; photovoltaic; HVAC systems; preventive conservation; microclimate; building retrofit; whole-building simulation; cultural heritage; non-invasive solutions
Dr. Niccolò Aste

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Architecture, Built Environment and Construction Engineering Department, Politecnico di Milano, via Ponzio 31, 20133 Milan, Italy
Interests: energy efficiency; photovoltaic; HVAC systems; building retrofit; innovative technologies; sustainability; cultural heritage; microclimate; non-invasive solutions

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Heritage buildings with their furnishings and artworks are an important testimony of our past which must be enhanced and preserved for future generations.

With an inappropriate utilization/management of the built heritage (e.g., due to an unsuitable use of HVAC technologies, high interactions with the external conditions, excessive mass tourism, etc.) and under an increasingly alarming climate change perspective, the study and monitoring of the microclimate is a fundamental activity to assess the conservation conditions of such buildings, as well as to carry out analyses aimed at improving current conditions and provide adaptation solution with respect to future projections.

In this framework, more research is necessary on novel methodologies, technologies and analyses aimed at preserving the built heritage. In detail, some of the possible topics to be covered in the Special Issue are:

  • Methodology and non-invasive instrumentation for microclimate monitoring;
  • Climate-induced risk assessment for material conservation;
  • Analysis through whole-building simulations;
  • Assessments of thermal comfort within heritage buildings;
  • Climate change effects on microclimate and possible adaptation solutions;
  • Active and passive solutions/strategies for improving microclimate conditions;
  • etc.

Therefore, this Special Issue of the journal Atmosphere aims to collect scientific contributions (articles/communications/reviews) on the improvement of microclimatic conditions in heritage buildings through studies carried out with different approaches and case study applications.

Dr. Harold Enrique Huerto-Cardenas
Dr. Fabrizio Leonforte
Dr. Niccolò Aste
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Atmosphere is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • heritage buildings
  • microclimate
  • preservation
  • risk assessment
  • monitoring
  • whole-building simulations
  • non-invasive instruments
  • climate change
  • adaptation strategies

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 4101 KiB  
Article
Assessing the Impact of Climate Change on the Biodeterioration Risk in Historical Buildings of the Mediterranean Area: The State Archives of Palermo
by Elena Verticchio, Francesca Frasca, Donatella Matè, Federico Maria Giammusso, Matilde Sani, Maria Letizia Sebastiani, Maria Carla Sclocchi and Anna Maria Siani
Atmosphere 2023, 14(7), 1169; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14071169 - 19 Jul 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 918
Abstract
The growing sensitivity towards environmental sustainability, particularly in the light of climate change, requires a reflection on the role that historical buildings can play in heritage conservation. This research proposed an interdisciplinary approach combining climate and biological expertise to evaluate the biodeterioration risk [...] Read more.
The growing sensitivity towards environmental sustainability, particularly in the light of climate change, requires a reflection on the role that historical buildings can play in heritage conservation. This research proposed an interdisciplinary approach combining climate and biological expertise to evaluate the biodeterioration risk associated with different IPCC outdoor climate scenarios. Conduction heat transfer functions and dose–response functions were used to model the indoor climate of a historical building and the related climate-induced risk of mould and pest proliferation. The approach was applied to a case study in the Mediterranean area, i.e., the State Archives of Palermo (Italy) housed in a 15th-century convent. In 2018, a survey conducted by ICPAL-MiC experts warned about past infestations and risks deriving from climate conditions. An environmental monitoring campaign conducted in 2021 allowed for the characterisation of the buffering effect in a historical building in response to the outdoor climate and the simulation of future indoor climate. Since indoor temperature and mixing ratio are expected to raise in future scenarios, it was found that there is an increased risk of insects’ proliferation, combined with a decreased risk of spore germination and mould growth. Such evidence-based evaluation allows for the design of tailored preventive conservation measures to enhance the durability of both the archival collections and the building. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microclimate of the Heritage Buildings)
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20 pages, 13463 KiB  
Article
Recognition of Damage Types of Chinese Gray-Brick Ancient Buildings Based on Machine Learning—Taking the Macau World Heritage Buffer Zone as an Example
by Xiaohong Yang, Liang Zheng, Yile Chen, Jingzhao Feng and Jianyi Zheng
Atmosphere 2023, 14(2), 346; https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos14020346 - 09 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2170
Abstract
As a result of environmental and human influences, several types of surface deterioration emerge on historic buildings, resulting in a decline in the quality of these structures and even threats to their safety. In the conventional approach, assessing the surface damage on a [...] Read more.
As a result of environmental and human influences, several types of surface deterioration emerge on historic buildings, resulting in a decline in the quality of these structures and even threats to their safety. In the conventional approach, assessing the surface damage on a structure involves the time-consuming and labor-intensive judgment and evaluation of trained professionals. In this study, it is suggested that the YOLOv4 machine learning model be used to automatically find five types of damage to historical gray-brick buildings. This would make the job go more quickly. This study uses the gray-brick wall buildings in the buffer zone of the global cultural heritage in Macau as an example. In total, 1355 photographs were taken on-site of the gray-brick walls, and the five most common types of damage were identified. By slicing and labeling the photos, a training set of 1000 images was created, and through 200-generation model training, the model can accurately identify and effectively identify the damage state of the gray bricks and enhance the quality judgment and evaluation of the exterior walls of historical buildings. Experiments allow us to reach the following conclusions: (1) The damage to the gray-brick ancient buildings in Macau is affected by the subtropical maritime climate. Missing paint, stains, and cracks are the main contributors to gray-brick wall damage. (2) Machine learning can help determine the type of damage to old gray-brick buildings, which is useful for managing and protecting historical buildings. (3) The model in this study can identify five types of damage: missing, cracking, plant or microbial erosion, yellowing, and pollution on the exterior walls of ancient gray-brick buildings. It is helpful to accurately identify and evaluate the damaged condition of the gray-brick wall and formulate corresponding protection schemes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microclimate of the Heritage Buildings)
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