Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV): Innovations in Sustainable Architectural Design

A special issue of Architecture (ISSN 2673-8945).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 November 2025) | Viewed by 2283

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35401, USA
Interests: sustainable buildings; thermal resilience; BIPV; artificial intelligence

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

As the global demand for sustainable and renewable energy solutions escalates, building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) have emerged as an innovative approach to achieving energy-efficient, sustainable architecture. BIPV systems seamlessly incorporate photovoltaic modules into building envelopes, replacing traditional building materials such as roofs, façades, windows, and skylights. This integration not only contributes to energy production but also enhances the esthetic appeal, structural functionality, and environmental performance of buildings. Despite significant technological advancements, challenges related to system efficiency, esthetic integration, cost-effectiveness, and building standards compliance remain prevalent. Therefore, continued research in optimizing BIPV design and performance is critical in terms of promoting their widespread adoption and integration into contemporary architectural practice.

This Special Issue aims to gather original research articles and comprehensive reviews highlighting recent advances, innovative technologies, practical implementations, and future trends in the field of building-integrated photovoltaics. Given the interdisciplinary nature of BIPV, contributions from architecture, engineering, materials science, and environmental sciences are strongly encouraged. This Special Issue is aligned with the journal’s scope as it addresses key architectural challenges related to sustainability, energy efficiency, technological innovation, and building performance. This Special Issue will mainly cover the following areas of focus:

  • Innovative BIPV materials and technologies;
  • Architectural integration and esthetic considerations for BIPV;
  • Energy performance evaluation and simulation methodologies;
  • Thermal management and performance optimization in BIPV;
  • Life cycle analysis for and the environmental impact of BIPV systems;
  • Economic feasibility and cost–benefit analyses;
  • Advances in transparent and semi-transparent photovoltaic technologies;
  • Case studies and practical applications of BIPV;
  • Standards, regulations, and compliance issues for BIPV integration;
  • Smart integration and digital technologies enhancing BIPV performance;
  • Building performance monitoring and real-world BIPV applications.

Dr. Qiuhua Duan
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV)
  • sustainable architecture
  • renewable energy
  • energy efficiency
  • architectural integration
  • photovoltaic technologies
  • thermal management
  • life cycle analysis (LCA)
  • environmental performance
  • cost–benefit analysis
  • transparent photovoltaics
  • smart building integration
  • energy performance simulation
  • building standards compliance
  • sustainable design

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

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27 pages, 3088 KB  
Review
Thin-Film Solar Cells for Building-Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV) Systems
by Subodh Kumar Jha, Abubakar Siddique Farooq and Aritra Ghosh
Architecture 2025, 5(4), 116; https://doi.org/10.3390/architecture5040116 - 20 Nov 2025
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1021
Abstract
The global temperature increase has posed urgent challenges, with buildings accountable for as much as 40% of CO2 emissions, and their decarbonization is critical to meet the net-zero target by 2050. Solar photovoltaics present a promising trajectory, especially through building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs), [...] Read more.
The global temperature increase has posed urgent challenges, with buildings accountable for as much as 40% of CO2 emissions, and their decarbonization is critical to meet the net-zero target by 2050. Solar photovoltaics present a promising trajectory, especially through building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs), where thin-film technologies can be used to replace traditional building materials. This article critically examined the development of thin-film solar cells for BIPVs, including their working mechanisms, material structures, and efficiency improvements in various generations. The discussion underscored that thin-film technologies, including CdTe and CIGS, had noticeably shorter energy payback times between 0.8 and 1.5 years compared to crystalline silicon modules that took 2 to 3 years, thus promising quicker recovery of energy and higher sustainability values. Whereas certain materials posed toxicity and environmental concerns, these were discovered to be surmountable through sound material selection and manufacturing innovation. The conclusions highlighted that the integration of lower material usage, high efficiency potential, and better energy payback performance placed thin-film BIPVs as an extremely viable option for mitigating lifecycle emissions. In summary, the review emphasized the critical role of thin-film solar technologies in making possible the large-scale implementation of BIPVs to drive the world toward net-zero emissions at a faster pace. Full article
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25 pages, 1209 KB  
Systematic Review
Design Strategies for Building-Integrated Photovoltaics in High-Rise Buildings: A Systematic Review
by Sanobar Hamidi and Omar S. Asfour
Architecture 2025, 5(4), 118; https://doi.org/10.3390/architecture5040118 - 26 Nov 2025
Viewed by 593
Abstract
This systematic review examined the use of building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs) in high-rise buildings, focusing on early-stage design strategies to enhance energy performance. With limited rooftop space in tall buildings, façades offer a promising alternative for solar energy generation. Using the PRISMA framework, 41 [...] Read more.
This systematic review examined the use of building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPVs) in high-rise buildings, focusing on early-stage design strategies to enhance energy performance. With limited rooftop space in tall buildings, façades offer a promising alternative for solar energy generation. Using the PRISMA framework, 41 articles were synthesized to identify key parameters influencing the effectiveness of BIPV systems. This included environmental and urban contexts, building form and orientation, façade configuration, and typology-specific characteristics for residential, office, and mixed-use buildings. The findings highlight the importance of integrating BIPV from the earliest stages of the design process. Local climate and latitude guide optimal façade orientation and form, while module efficiency can be improved with ventilation, air gaps, and appropriate spacing. Urban density, site placement, and shading patterns also significantly affect overall energy output. Podiums and multifaceted building forms enhance solar exposure and reduce self-shading, while building height, orientation, and spacing further influence BIPV potential. Different building types require tailored strategies to balance energy generation, daylight, and architectural quality. Finally, the review identified research gaps and proposed future directions to support architects, designers, and urban planners in effectively incorporating photovoltaic systems into high-rise building design. Full article
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