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Electric Powertrain Design for High Efficiency and High Speed Operation...
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Electric Powertrain Design for High Efficiency and High Speed Operation Range

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 June 2021) | Viewed by 11805

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Claudio Bianchini

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Engineering (DIEF), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy
Interests: synchronous machines; permanent magnet machines; fault tolerance; multiphase machine; finite element analysis; permanent magnet motors; reluctance motors; stator and rotor fault diagnosis; distributed power generation; energy storage and flywheels; machine control; optimization; PWM power convertors; asynchronous machines; condition monitoring; demagnetization; eddy currents; hybrid electric vehicles
Dr. Ambra Torreggiani

E-Mail
Guest Editor
DIEF, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
Interests: electric machine and drive – permanent magnet machines

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The move to electric mobility as a new paradigm for public and private transport has generated great interest in the development of high-performance and high-efficiency electric powertrains.However, a complete design approach aimed to optimize the whole power train system is still an issue. Even if many optimization design approaches are proposed by different authors, they are limited to some machine parameters or key performance indicators. Moreover, the effectiveness of the control strategy in the flux weakening could be affected by the machine design and drive capabilities.

This Special Issue will address the current state-of-the-art technology in the design of a synchronous machine for high-speed range and optimized flux weakening control in a high-speed range.

Papers that investigate innovative design approaches and control strategies are invited. Topics may include but are not limited to studies on the design of permanent magnet machines, including design for torque ripple reduction, high-efficiency design, high power density, novel flux weakening and maximum torque per volt (MTPV) control strategies, and design for wide-bandgap (WBG) drives.

Prof. Dr. Claudio Bianchini
Dr. Ambra Torreggiani
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Synchronous machine
  • Flux weakening
  • Powertrain
  • Wide-bandgap motor drives
  • High-efficiency powertrain

 

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

23 pages, 4393 KiB  
Article
Dynamic Energy Efficient Control of Induction Machines Using Anticipative Flux Templates
by Antony Dominic, Gernot Schullerus and Martin Winter
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(6), 2878; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11062878 - 23 Mar 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2094
Abstract
Energy efficiency optimization techniques for steady state operation of induction machines are the state-of-the-art, and many methods have already been developed. However, many real-world industrial and electric vehicle applications cannot be considered to be in steady state operation. The focus of this contribution [...] Read more.
Energy efficiency optimization techniques for steady state operation of induction machines are the state-of-the-art, and many methods have already been developed. However, many real-world industrial and electric vehicle applications cannot be considered to be in steady state operation. The focus of this contribution is on the efficiency optimization of induction machines in dynamic operation. Online dynamic operation is challenging due to the computational complexity and the required low sample times in an inverter. An offline optimization is therefore conducted to gain knowledge. Based on this offline optimal solution, a simple and easy to implement template based solution is developed. This approach aims at replicating the solution found by the offline optimization by resembling the shape and anticipative characteristics of the optimal flux trajectory. The energy efficiency improvement of the template based solution is verified by simulations and measurements on a test bench and using a real-world drive cycle scenario. For comparison, a model predictive numerical online optimization is investigated too. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electric Powertrain Design for High Efficiency and High Speed Operation Range)
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16 pages, 4864 KiB  
Article
Improvement on Flux Weakening Control Strategy for Electric Vehicle Applications
by Claudio Bianchini, Giovanni Franceschini and Ambra Torreggiani
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(5), 2422; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11052422 - 09 Mar 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3259
Abstract
This paper proposes an optimized flux weakening (FW) control strategy for interior permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor to address the critical issues that could occur under torque setpoint transition in flux weakening region, due, for example, to an emergency braking. This situation is typical [...] Read more.
This paper proposes an optimized flux weakening (FW) control strategy for interior permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor to address the critical issues that could occur under torque setpoint transition in flux weakening region, due, for example, to an emergency braking. This situation is typical in electric vehicles where the electrical machines operate over a wide speed range to reach high power density and avoid gearboxes. Two modified traditional flux weakening strategies are proposed in this paper to improve torque control quality during high speed torque transition. The proposed modified control strategies were validated both by Matlab/Simulink simulations, modeling the power train of a light vehicle application, and extensive experimental tests on a dedicated test bench. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electric Powertrain Design for High Efficiency and High Speed Operation Range)
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21 pages, 4999 KiB  
Article
A Novel High Performance Discrete Flux Integrator for Control Algorithms of Fast Rotating AC Machines
by Claudio Rossi, Alessio Pilati and Marco Bertoldi
Appl. Sci. 2021, 11(5), 2150; https://doi.org/10.3390/app11052150 - 28 Feb 2021
Viewed by 1450
Abstract
This paper deals with the digital implementation of a motor control algorithm based on a unified machine model, thus usable with every traditional electric machine type (induction, brushless with interior permanent magnets, surface permanent magnets or pure reluctance). Starting from the machine equations [...] Read more.
This paper deals with the digital implementation of a motor control algorithm based on a unified machine model, thus usable with every traditional electric machine type (induction, brushless with interior permanent magnets, surface permanent magnets or pure reluctance). Starting from the machine equations in matrix form in continuous time, the paper exposes their discrete time transformation, suitable for digital implementation. Since the solution of these equations requires integration, the virtual division of the calculation time in sub-intervals is proposed to make the calculations more accurate. Optimization of this solver enables faster runs and higher precision especially when high rotating speed requires fast calculation time. The proposed solver is presented at different implementation levels, and its speed and accuracy performance are compared with standard solvers. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electric Powertrain Design for High Efficiency and High Speed Operation Range)
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17 pages, 3561 KiB  
Article
Online Control Strategy for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles Based on an Improved Global Optimization Algorithm
by Shaoqian Wang and Datong Qin
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(23), 8352; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10238352 - 24 Nov 2020
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2118
Abstract
Neural networks are widely used in the learning of offline global optimization rules to reduce the fuel consumption and real-time performance of hybrid electric vehicles. Considering that the torque and transmission ratio are direct control variables, online recognition by a neural network of [...] Read more.
Neural networks are widely used in the learning of offline global optimization rules to reduce the fuel consumption and real-time performance of hybrid electric vehicles. Considering that the torque and transmission ratio are direct control variables, online recognition by a neural network of these two parameters is insufficiently accurate. In the meanwhile, the dynamic program (DP) algorithm requires huge computing costs. Based on these problems, a fusion algorithm combining a dynamic programming algorithm and an approximate equivalent fuel consumption minimum control strategy (A-ECMS) is proposed in this paper. Taking the equivalent factor as the control variable, the global optimal sequence of the factor is obtained offline. The back propagation (BP) neural network is used to extract the sequence to form an online control strategy. The simulation results illustrate that, compared with the traditional dynamic programming algorithm, although the fuel consumption increases slightly, the computational cost of the fusion algorithm proposed in this paper is significantly reduced. Moreover, because the optimal sequence of the equivalent factors is within a particular range, the online control strategy based on DP-A-ECMS has a high robustness. Compared with an online control strategy based on the torque and transmission ratio, the fuel economy is improved by 2.46%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electric Powertrain Design for High Efficiency and High Speed Operation Range)
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16 pages, 4127 KiB  
Article
Slot Design Optimization for Copper Losses Reduction in Electric Machines for High Speed Applications
by Claudio Bianchini, Mattia Vogni, Ambra Torreggiani, Stefano Nuzzo, Davide Barater and Giovanni Franceschini
Appl. Sci. 2020, 10(21), 7425; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10217425 - 22 Oct 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2234
Abstract
The need of a wide operating range and a high power density in electric machines for full- and hybrid electric vehicles in traction applications has led to an increase in the operating frequency of the machine. When the electric frequency increases, the additional [...] Read more.
The need of a wide operating range and a high power density in electric machines for full- and hybrid electric vehicles in traction applications has led to an increase in the operating frequency of the machine. When the electric frequency increases, the additional losses in stator windings become an issue and they have to be taken into account in the design of the electric machine. This issue is more critical when hairpin windings are employed, due to the the skin and proximity effects which produce increased copper losses. In this paper, the relationships between different stator slot parameters (tooth width, slot opening, etc.) and stator winding copper losses have been analysed in order to identify an optimal design of a single stator slot. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Electric Powertrain Design for High Efficiency and High Speed Operation Range)
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