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New Insights into Lithium-Ion Batteries: Technologies and Challenges

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Green Sustainable Science and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 July 2025 | Viewed by 807

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
National Engineering Laboratory for Electric Vehicles, School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
Interests: electrochemical energy systems; batteries; fuel cells; flow batteries; heat and mass transfer; physics-based modeling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
School of Electrical Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100091, China
Interests: battery parameterization and modeling; thermal management; hybrid energy storage system; electric vehicle modeling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are pivotal to modern energy storage systems, powering everything from consumer electronics to electric vehicles and grid-scale energy storage solutions. Despite their widespread use and advancements, LIBs still face significant challenges related to safety, performance, cost, and sustainability. This Special Issue invites cutting-edge research and review articles that provide novel insights into the technologies, innovations, and challenges facing LIB development and deployment.

We seek contributions from both academia and industry, with topics that span across various scales, from materials science to system integration and end-of-life management.

Topics of Interest:

This Special Issue will cover, but is not limited to, the following areas:

  • Materials Innovation: New electrode, electrolyte, and separator materials; solid-state electrolytes; and nanostructured materials for enhanced performance.
  • Battery Performance: Fast charging technologies, high-energy/power-density solutions, strategies to improve cycle life and reduce degradation, and Li-metal and Li-free batteries.
  • Thermal Management: Innovative approaches to managing heat generation and dissipation, thermal modeling, and safety considerations in LIB systems.
  • Mechanics and Degradation: Mechanical stresses in lithium-ion batteries, degradation mechanisms, and life-cycle prediction models.
  • System-Level Innovations: Advances in battery management systems (BMSs), packaging, cell/module/pack integration, and thermal-electrochemical modeling.
  • Safety and Reliability: Fire hazards, overcharging, and thermal runaway prevention strategies.
  • Advanced Diagnostics and Characterization: New techniques for in situ and operando diagnostics, performance monitoring, and modeling of lithium-ion batteries.
  • Electrochemical and Multiphysics Modeling: New models to predict the behavior of lithium-ion batteries under various conditions and scales.
  • Future Directions and Emerging Technologies: Insights into next-generation lithium-ion batteries and comparisons with alternative technologies (solid-state batteries, sodium-ion batteries, etc.).

Prof. Dr. Xiao-Guang Yang
Dr. Tao Zhu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • lithium-ion battery
  • fast charging
  • smart battery
  • battery management system
  • thermal management
  • electrochemical modeling
  • battery safety
  • Li-metal battery

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Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

23 pages, 7068 KiB  
Article
Thermal Management for Electric Motorcycles—Multi-Scale Modelling and Battery Thermal Design Evaluation
by Tao Zhu, Mehmet Kirca, Shilei Zhou, Truong Dinh and Andrew McGordon
Appl. Sci. 2025, 15(5), 2713; https://doi.org/10.3390/app15052713 - 3 Mar 2025
Viewed by 567
Abstract
Electric motorcycles feature a smaller size and lower weight than electric cars, meaning they have greater manoeuvrability and energy efficiency, which translate to a dynamic riding experience and reduced environmental footprint. From a thermal management perspective, one major challenge is how to maximise [...] Read more.
Electric motorcycles feature a smaller size and lower weight than electric cars, meaning they have greater manoeuvrability and energy efficiency, which translate to a dynamic riding experience and reduced environmental footprint. From a thermal management perspective, one major challenge is how to maximise the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery system within the limited space available onboard since the battery system represents one of the largest thermal loads onboard. This paper investigates electric motorcycle modelling to facilitate prototype development, emphasising a compact, integrated cooling system for high-voltage powertrain components, including the battery, inverter, and motor. Particularly, the proposed battery model is structured across the pack–module–cell hierarchy, which makes it capable of distinguishing the thermal state of each individual cell and the cell-to-cell performance variations resulting from temperature effects. The integrated cooling system and multi-scale battery modelling method proposed in this paper allow for a quick comparison of performances between different battery module thermal designs, which is specifically suited for early-stage investigation of different concepts. A series and a parallel battery module thermal design are proposed and compared, with a focus on evaluating their impacts on system-level and component-level thermal performances as well as cell-level performance variations, including but not limited to temperature, state of charge, voltage, and state of power. Specifically, the serial thermal design provides better overall cooling efficiency and lower battery pack temperatures, while the parallel design significantly reduces cell-to-cell variations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Lithium-Ion Batteries: Technologies and Challenges)
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