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Real-Time Diagnosis Algorithms in Biomedical Applications and Decision Support Tools: 2nd Edition

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 June 2025 | Viewed by 2358

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Valencia, 46100 Burjassot, Spain
Interests: hardware implementation of algorithms; wood moisture sensing; IoT for sensor networks; hyperspectral sensing and processing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The use of automatic support tools for medical practice is continuously increasing. From family doctors to surgeons, specialists are using a wide number of devices which increase the level of accuracy of their diagnoses. Deep learning algorithms and data analyses in general are providing new possibilities for doctors. Many doctors now use user-friendly tools and devices in their daily practice, even though they may be skilled in advanced tools or research-level algorithms.

On the other hand, many of the newly proposed biomedical algorithms require offline tools, i.e., data must be saved and processed, and a result is provided to the doctor to be used to support patient diagnosis. For example, where a medical test is conducted in advance and the result is sent to the doctor afterwards. However, other common situations exist where providing important patient data to the doctor immediately is required.

Currently, medical devices provide real-time monitoring of patients by providing basic data (cardiac rhythm, blood pressure, and body temperature); however, it is uncommon to produce real-time diagnoses since most of the algorithms require complex computation, so real-time results cannot be provided.

Artificial intelligence algorithms have proven to be tools that improve the accuracy of detection in many medical scenarios; they are able to provide predictions and can learn new features while being used. However, real-time implementation is still a challenge as ideally results should be provided in a few seconds (at most) so that they can be helpful to the practitioner. So that this goal can be achieved, special hardware, as well as parallel software implementations, must be developed.

This Special Issue welcomes real-time implementations of algorithms that can serve as immediate decision-support tools in medical situations. This Special Issue is open, but not restricted, to any of the following biomedical areas where real-time implementation is proposed:

  • Signal processing algorithms for real-time pathology detection;
  • Image processing algorithms for real-time diagnosis;
  • Artificial intelligence algorithms for real-time implementation (this may include online training);
  • Real-time parallel software implementations;
  • Hardware implementations for computation speed-up based on specific hardware: VLSI, FPGA, GPU, etc.;
  • Hardware implementations for portability and/or low power;
  • User tools for real-time decision-support systems;
  • Implementations for real-time remote diagnosis.

Prof. Dr. Alfredo Rosado Muñoz
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • real-time pathology detection
  • real-time diagnosis
  • signal processing
  • image processing
  • artificial intelligence
  • real-time parallel software
  • implementations

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Published Papers (2 papers)

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Editorial

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3 pages, 165 KiB  
Editorial
Special Issue on Real-Time Diagnosis Algorithms in Biomedical Applications and Decision Support Tools
by Alfredo Rosado-Muñoz
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(24), 13308; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132413308 - 16 Dec 2023
Viewed by 969
Abstract
The use of automatic support tools in daily clicnical practice is increasing continuously [...] Full article

Research

Jump to: Editorial

23 pages, 8543 KiB  
Article
Using Ensemble of Hand-Feature Engineering and Machine Learning Classifiers for Refining the Subthalamic Nucleus Location from Micro-Electrode Recordings in Parkinson’s Disease
by Mohamed Benouis and Alfredo Rosado-Muñoz
Appl. Sci. 2024, 14(12), 5157; https://doi.org/10.3390/app14125157 - 13 Jun 2024
Viewed by 1002
Abstract
When pharmaceutical treatments for Parkinson’s Disease (PD) are no longer effective, Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) surgery, a procedure that entails the stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus (STN), is another treatment option. However, the success rate of this surgery heavily relies on the precise [...] Read more.
When pharmaceutical treatments for Parkinson’s Disease (PD) are no longer effective, Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) surgery, a procedure that entails the stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus (STN), is another treatment option. However, the success rate of this surgery heavily relies on the precise location of the STN, as well as the correct positioning of the stimulation electrode. In order to ensure the correct location, Micro-Electrode Recordings (MERs) are analyzed. During surgery, MERs capture brain signals while inserted in the brain, receiving different brain activity depending on the crossed brain area. The location of the STN is guaranteed when brain signals from MERs meet certain criteria. Nevertheless, MER signals are sensitive to various artifacts coming from machinery or other electrical equipment in the operating theater; patient activity; and electrode motion. These all lower the signal-to-noise ratio of the MER signals. MER signals are stochastic, multicomponent, transient, and non-stationary in nature, and they contain multi-unit neural activity in the form of spikes and artefacts. Thus, accurately defining that MERs are located in the STN is not an easy task. This work analyzes relevant features from MER, based on analyzing spike activity and local field signals. Six different classification algorithms are used, together with the optimal input feature selection. The algorithms are trained using supervised Leave-One-Out Cross-Validation. MER data were collected in a real scenario from 14 PD patients during DBS implantation surgery. The dataset is publicly available. The results derived from the use of this method show an accuracy of up to 100% in detecting where the MER electrode is located in the STN brain area. Full article
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