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Animals
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Aquaculture: Prevention, Control, and Impact of Diseases
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Aquaculture: Prevention, Control, and Impact of Diseases

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Aquatic Animals".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 8167

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Tze Hann Ng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
Interests: host–parasite interactions; innate immune memory; crustacean immunology; crustacean diseases
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Kunlaya Somboonwiwat

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Associate Professor, Center of Excellence for Molecular Biology and Genomics of Shrimp, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Interests: shrimp innate immunity; host-pathogen interactions; microRNA; transcriptomics; proteomics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Increasing demands for food due to population growth and pandemic-induced global food supply disruptions threaten nation food security. Increased seafood production, mainly from aquaculture, will reduce reliance on wild captures or imports. However, disease outbreaks threaten the future of the aquaculture industry. Characterizing host–pathogen interactions is an emerging yet critical area in sustainable and environmentally friendly aquaculture. The key to host–pathogen interactions is the immune system, which defends against infection even in simple animals. Immune responses are plastic, reducing the fitness cost, and the immune system is affected by pathogens, commensal microbiomes, environmental factors, etc.

The objective of this Special Issue is to provide an overview of host responses, gut microbiota, and environmental effects in terms of aquatic animals’ health and diseases. Topics of interest include but are not limited to work related to comparative immunology, effects of probiotics and prebiotics, nutrition, vaccination strategies, disease control, environmental issues, etc. We look forward to receiving a wide range of articles, including literature reviews, original research papers, and short communications.

Dr. Tze Hann Ng
Dr. Kunlaya Somboonwiwat  
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • crustacean aquaculture
  • shrimp
  • crab
  • immune response
  • disease
  • gut microbiota
  • probiotics
  • prebiotics
  • vaccines
  • nutrition
  • stress
  • host–pathogen interaction

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 4207 KiB  
Article
In Vivo Efficacy of Purified Quillaja Saponin Extracts in Protecting against Piscirickettsia salmonis Infections in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)
by Hernán Cortés, Mario Castillo-Ruiz, Hernán Cañon-Jones, Trinidad Schlotterbeck, Ricardo San Martín and Leandro Padilla
Animals 2023, 13(18), 2845; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13182845 - 7 Sep 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1205
Abstract
Piscirickettsiosis, the main infectious disease affecting salmon farming in Chile, still has no efficient control measures. Piscirickettsia salmonis is a facultative intracellular bacterium that can survive and replicate within the host macrophages, evading the immune response. Triterpenic saponins obtained from the Quillaja saponaria [...] Read more.
Piscirickettsiosis, the main infectious disease affecting salmon farming in Chile, still has no efficient control measures. Piscirickettsia salmonis is a facultative intracellular bacterium that can survive and replicate within the host macrophages, evading the immune response. Triterpenic saponins obtained from the Quillaja saponaria tree have been widely studied, and have been shown to be immunomodulatory agents, suitable for feed and vaccine applications for veterinary and human uses. The impact of the oral administration of two extracts of Quillaja saponins on the infection of P. salmonis in Salmo salar and the corresponding gene expressions of immunomarkers were studied under three in vivo models. In the intraperitoneal challenge model, the group fed with Quillaja extracts showed lower mortality (29.1% treated vs. 37.5% control). Similar results were obtained in the cohabitation model trial (36.3% vs. 60.0%). In the commercial pilot trial, the results showed a significant reduction of 71.3% in mortality caused by P. salmonis (0.51% vs. 1.78%) and antibiotic use (reduction of 66.6% compared to untreated control). Also, Quillaja extracts significantly modulated the expression of IFN-II and CD8. These results represent evidence supporting the future use of purified Quillaja extracts as a natural non-pharmacological strategy for the prevention and control of P. salmonis infections in salmon. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquaculture: Prevention, Control, and Impact of Diseases)
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22 pages, 4087 KiB  
Article
Epibiont Cohabitation in Freshwater Shrimp Neocaridina davidi with the Description of Two Species New to Science, Cladogonium kumaki sp. nov. and Monodiscus kumaki sp. nov., and Redescription of Scutariella japonica and Holtodrilus truncatus
by Rafał Maciaszek, Wiesław Świderek, Sebastian Prati, Chih-Yang Huang, Kamil Karaban, Anita Kaliszewicz and Aleksandra Jabłońska
Animals 2023, 13(10), 1616; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13101616 - 12 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2648
Abstract
This contribution presents the occurrence of epibiotic species associated with Neocaridina davidi shrimp collected in the wild, aquaculture ponds, and aquaria. A total of 900 shrimp are imported from Taiwan, three-quarters of which host at least one of the recorded epibionts. Among those [...] Read more.
This contribution presents the occurrence of epibiotic species associated with Neocaridina davidi shrimp collected in the wild, aquaculture ponds, and aquaria. A total of 900 shrimp are imported from Taiwan, three-quarters of which host at least one of the recorded epibionts. Among those epibionts, two species new to science are discovered, Cladogonium kumaki sp. nov. and Monodiscus kumaki sp. nov., while the other two, Holtodrilus truncatus and Scutariella japonica, are redescribed. The largest number of epibionts is found in shrimp collected from aquaculture ponds and the lowest in individuals from aquaria. Epibiont occurrence differs across designated microhabitats. The epibionts may be introduced alongside their host outside their native range, and their presence may affect shrimp breeding rates. Thus, more control over them should be provided. Their spread can be limited by removal from the host during molting or manually, as well as by using interspecies interactions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquaculture: Prevention, Control, and Impact of Diseases)
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9 pages, 421 KiB  
Article
Effect of Diet on Growth Performance of First Crab Stage Callinectes sapidus Rathbun, 1896 (Brachyura: Portunidae): A Comparison of Three Different Regimens
by Övgü Gencer and Hector Aguilar Vitorino
Animals 2023, 13(7), 1242; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13071242 - 3 Apr 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1517
Abstract
This study aimed to supply three foods to the crab Callinectes sapidus in its juvenile stage and compare their effects on its growth. For that, crab larvae were cultured from oviparous adult female crabs. The larvae (z1–z8) were fed [...] Read more.
This study aimed to supply three foods to the crab Callinectes sapidus in its juvenile stage and compare their effects on its growth. For that, crab larvae were cultured from oviparous adult female crabs. The larvae (z1–z8) were fed with rotifers, previously cultured with microalgae and megalopae (Meg.) with live Artemia salina larvae, obtained from fresh cysts until they reached juvenile development (c1, first crab). Then, 270 animals (c1) were analyzed in three groups of 90, with different diets: shrimp (Penaeus vannamei; Group 1), squid (Mastigoteuthis flammea; Group 2), and tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus; Group 3). After 90 days of feeding regimens, the sizes of juvenile crabs were measured by microscopy, and the following relationship was found (p < 0.001): Group 1 (20.8 ± 0.7) > Group 2 (14.5 ± 0.9) > Group 3 (10.4 ± 0.6). The nutritional factor played an essential role in this size differentiation. This intelligent and differentiated feeding strategy showed us that shrimp could be an essential source for the growth of crabs in the juvenile stage. This new approach to safe and efficient roost feeding can classify crabs by size for further hormonal, molting, and reproductive studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquaculture: Prevention, Control, and Impact of Diseases)
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8 pages, 410 KiB  
Communication
Diet-Independent Positive Effects of a Multi-Species Probiotic on the Growth Performance and Resistance against Vibrio parahaemolyticus in White Leg Shrimp
by Christina Gruber, Dan Bui-Chau-Truc, Jutta C. Kesselring, Ngoc Diem Nguyen, Benedict Standen and Silvia Wein
Animals 2023, 13(3), 331; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13030331 - 17 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1624
Abstract
Probiotic feed additives can support the gut health of shrimp and thereby improve performance, production efficiency and disease resistance. Two experiments in white leg shrimp aimed to investigate the effects of a multi-species probiotic feed supplement (AquaStar®, 3 g/kg feed, Biomin [...] Read more.
Probiotic feed additives can support the gut health of shrimp and thereby improve performance, production efficiency and disease resistance. Two experiments in white leg shrimp aimed to investigate the effects of a multi-species probiotic feed supplement (AquaStar®, 3 g/kg feed, Biomin GmbH, Getzersdorf, Austria) in feed formulations with different marine meal levels (32% and 15%) on growth performance and resistance against Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Juvenile shrimp were stocked in a recirculating aquaculture tank system at a density of 20 shrimp/46.8 L and were fed diets with and without the probiotic supplementation for 8 weeks. Afterwards, a bath immersion with V. parahaemolyticus was performed and mortality was observed over a period of 14 days. Independent of the diet formulation, probiotic supplementation significantly improved the survival rate of the shrimp and the specific growth rate while decreasing feed consumption and feed conversion ratio when compared to the control (p ≤ 0.042). After the Vibrio immersion challenge, mortality was significantly decreased by 13.33% with probiotic supplementation in the high marine meal diet experiment (p = 0.042) and numerically decreased by 11.67% in the low marine meal diet experiment (p = 0.133). Overall, the results suggest that the beneficial effects of the probiotic can occur independently of the diet formulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Aquaculture: Prevention, Control, and Impact of Diseases)
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