Advances in Genetics, Breeding and Quality Traits in Forage and Clover Crops

A special issue of Agriculture (ISSN 2077-0472). This special issue belongs to the section "Genotype Evaluation and Breeding".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 April 2022) | Viewed by 5369

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Plant Sciences Unit, Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Caritasstraat 39, Melle, Belgium
Interests: breeding; seed yield research; forage crops; cruciferous catch crops; quinoa

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Forage crops play a key role in the transition towards more sustainable agriculture. Maximizing production and forage quality, while at the same time reducing the need for external inputs such as fertilization and crop protection, are key elements to provide high-quality animal products against a low environmental footprint. In addition, forage crops provide various ecosystem services, such as increasing biodiversity and preventing erosion. Forage legumes such as clovers support various kinds of wild pollinators through flowering, and improve soil fertility through the fixation of atmospheric nitrogen, while reducing the need for synthetic nitrogen fertilizers.

Recent advances in breeding technologies, such as the implementation of marker-assisted selection, marker-assisted parentage analysis, genomic selection approaches, and improved phenotyping methods, have created new possibilities in forage crop breeding. Forage yield, disease resistance, persistence, and seed yield are important breeding traits to which a great deal of interest is paid. Recently, breeders have been focusing on improving quality traits such as sugar content, digestibility, and protein content in forage grasses and clovers. In grass-clover mixtures, an adequate compatibility of each component assures a good productivity and persistence.

For this Special Issue on ‘Advances in Genetics, Breeding and Quality Traits in Forage and Clover Crops’, we are ready to accept papers that discuss breeding approaches for major traits in forages or clovers, genetic studies on breeding traits, papers that apply molecular techniques such as genomic selection or marker-assisted techniques, and papers that study forage quality traits in forages or clovers. Original research papers as well as critical reviews are appreciated.

Dr. Tim Vleugels
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • breeding approaches/technologies
  • genomic selection
  • marker-assisted breeding
  • forage quality
  • seed yield
  • phenotyping
  • grass-clover mixtures

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 962 KiB  
Article
A Decade of Variety Testing for Resistance of Red Clover to Southern Anthracnose (Colletotrichum trifolii Bain et Essary) at the Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture (LfL)
by Stephan Hartmann, Franz Xaver Schubiger, Christoph Grieder and Andrea Wosnitza
Agriculture 2022, 12(2), 249; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12020249 - 9 Feb 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1464
Abstract
Southern anthracnose is caused by the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum trifolii Bain et Essary and affects red clover (Trifolium pratense) cultivation, causing severe losses in plant stands. Artificial inoculation with the pathogen in the greenhouse has been proven to effectively differentiate varieties [...] Read more.
Southern anthracnose is caused by the fungal pathogen Colletotrichum trifolii Bain et Essary and affects red clover (Trifolium pratense) cultivation, causing severe losses in plant stands. Artificial inoculation with the pathogen in the greenhouse has been proven to effectively differentiate varieties for their resistance based on the survival rates of plants. Additionally, this method was successfully used to improve red clover populations via recurrent selection. However, not much is yet known on its association with resistance behavior in the field. In this study, results from 10 years of artificial inoculation trials at the Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture were analyzed and compared to official German variety descriptions that are based on field data. A good congruency between survival rates from the greenhouse and official susceptibility ratings were observed. Thus, data from greenhouse tests have great potential to complement official variety lists where gaps exist. It was shown that within only three generations of recurrent selection using the greenhouse test, an existing variety could be significantly improved in terms of its resistance to Southern anthracnose without changing its DUS characteristics. A continuously increasing resistance level in the varieties registered in Germany since 2005 indicates that breeders can successfully respond to the threat imposed by this relatively new disease. Full article
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14 pages, 4372 KiB  
Article
Seed Production of Red Clover (Trifolium pratense L.) under Danish Field Conditions
by Shuxuan Jing and Birte Boelt
Agriculture 2021, 11(12), 1289; https://doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11121289 - 18 Dec 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3117
Abstract
High and stable seed yield is critical for red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) seed production and the commercial exploitation of the crop. A three-year experiment was conducted from 2013 to 2015 under Danish field conditions to explore the influence of precipitation during [...] Read more.
High and stable seed yield is critical for red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) seed production and the commercial exploitation of the crop. A three-year experiment was conducted from 2013 to 2015 under Danish field conditions to explore the influence of precipitation during peak flowering on the seed yield of three red clover cultivars. We investigated the flowering duration and intensity based on a visual scale assessment, seed yield, and thousand seed weight in all three experimental years. In 2014 and 2015 we measured the seed yield components of floret number per flower head, seed number per flower head, and seed set. During the experimental period, high seed yields of more than 1000 kg ha−1 were obtained for the diploid cultivars ‘Rajah’ and ‘Suez’. Although a relatively high seed yield of 500 kg ha−1 was obtained in the tetraploid cultivar ‘Amos’, this was only around half of the seed yield and seed set of the diploid cultivars. Precipitation during peak flowering positively influenced the seed yield and thousand seed weight for the three cultivars. We conclude that observations of flowering phenology are required to determine the impact of environmental conditions on seed yield in red clover cultivars. Further, adequate water supply during peak flowering is important to obtain the high seed yield of red clover. Full article
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