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Proceeding Paper

Femtosecond Laser Micro- and Nanostructuring of Aluminium Moulds for Durable Superhydrophobic PDMS Surfaces †

by
Stefania Caragnano
1,2,*,
Raffaele De Palo
1,
Felice Alberto Sfregola
1,2,
Caterina Gaudiuso
2,
Francesco Paolo Mezzapesa
2,
Pietro Patimisco
1,3,
Antonio Ancona
1,2 and
Annalisa Volpe
1,2
1
Dipartimento Interuniversitario di Fisica and Politecnico of Bari, Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, Italy
2
Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, CNR-IFN, via Amendola 122/D, 70126 Bari, Italy
3
PolySense Innovations srl, Via Amendola 173, 70126 Bari, Italy
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Presented at the 4th International Online Conference on Materials, 3–6 November 2025; Available online: https://sciforum.net/event/IOCM2025.
Mater. Proc. 2025, 26(1), 2; https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2025026002
Published: 22 December 2025
(This article belongs to the Proceedings of The 4th International Online Conference on Materials)
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Abstract

Surface functionalisation of polymers is essential for enhancing properties such as wettability and mechanical resistance. This study presents a scalable, coating-free approach to fabricate hydrophobic and superhydrophobic Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces. Aluminium (AA2024) moulds were microstructured using a TruMicro femtosecond laser system to generate grid patterns with controlled hatch distances and depths, as well as laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSSs). These features were accurately replicated onto PDMS, as confirmed by scanning electron miscoscopy (SEM) and profilometry. Contact angle measurements showed a marked increase in hydrophobicity, reaching superhydrophobicity for optimised parameters, with surface stability maintained over four months without degradation.
Keywords: femtosecond laser micromachining; surface functionalisation; PDMS; hydrophobicity; superhydrophobic surfaces; LIPSS; soft lithography; microfluidics femtosecond laser micromachining; surface functionalisation; PDMS; hydrophobicity; superhydrophobic surfaces; LIPSS; soft lithography; microfluidics

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MDPI and ACS Style

Caragnano, S.; De Palo, R.; Sfregola, F.A.; Gaudiuso, C.; Mezzapesa, F.P.; Patimisco, P.; Ancona, A.; Volpe, A. Femtosecond Laser Micro- and Nanostructuring of Aluminium Moulds for Durable Superhydrophobic PDMS Surfaces. Mater. Proc. 2025, 26, 2. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2025026002

AMA Style

Caragnano S, De Palo R, Sfregola FA, Gaudiuso C, Mezzapesa FP, Patimisco P, Ancona A, Volpe A. Femtosecond Laser Micro- and Nanostructuring of Aluminium Moulds for Durable Superhydrophobic PDMS Surfaces. Materials Proceedings. 2025; 26(1):2. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2025026002

Chicago/Turabian Style

Caragnano, Stefania, Raffaele De Palo, Felice Alberto Sfregola, Caterina Gaudiuso, Francesco Paolo Mezzapesa, Pietro Patimisco, Antonio Ancona, and Annalisa Volpe. 2025. "Femtosecond Laser Micro- and Nanostructuring of Aluminium Moulds for Durable Superhydrophobic PDMS Surfaces" Materials Proceedings 26, no. 1: 2. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2025026002

APA Style

Caragnano, S., De Palo, R., Sfregola, F. A., Gaudiuso, C., Mezzapesa, F. P., Patimisco, P., Ancona, A., & Volpe, A. (2025). Femtosecond Laser Micro- and Nanostructuring of Aluminium Moulds for Durable Superhydrophobic PDMS Surfaces. Materials Proceedings, 26(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.3390/materproc2025026002

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