Prototyping and Evaluation of Graphene-Based Piezoresistive Sensors
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
- Graphene Papers
- Morphological Characterization of the Graphene Papers
- Electrical Characterization of the Graphene Papers
- Fabrication of the Prototypes
- Electrical–Mechanical Tests
- Variation of electrical current (and the corresponding variation of electrical resistance);
- Definition of the characteristic value of average electrical resistance for each applied mechanical load;
- Sensitivity of the sensor prototype, in terms of electrical resistance variation by applied load, (ΔR)/kPa.
3. Results and Discussion
3.1. Morphological Characterization
3.2. Electrical Characterization
3.3. Mechanical Test
4. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Sensor | Response 1 | Sensitivity | Working Range | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Piezoresistive (flexion) | ↑P = ↑R | 17 ± 7% ΔR/10 kPa | (1–100) kPa | [7] |
Piezoresistive (compression) | ↑P = ↓R | −19 mV/kPa | (1–10) kPa | [10] |
Piezoresistive (dual: flexion and compression) 2 | ↑P = ↑R and ↑P = ↓R | 4.2 ΔR/kPa and 29.4 ΔR/kPa | (0.01–10) kPa | [7] |
Field emitter | ↑P = ↑I | 21.9 (µA/A)/Pa | (0.01–10) kPa | [8] |
Diaphragm | ↑P = ↑δ | 36 and 63 nm/kPa | (0–5) kPa | [6] |
Sensor Prototype | s0.771 [(Ω/Ω)/kPa] | s0.867 [(Ω/Ω)/kPa] | s1.110 [(Ω/Ω)/kPa] | s1.561 [(Ω/Ω)/kPa] | s1.998 [(Ω/Ω)/kPa] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
EG1 | −20.8%; 2.5% | −32.8%; 2.3% | −38.9%; 1.5% | −39.5%; 0.8% | −34.2%; 0.7% |
EG2 | −38.8%; 6.2% | −53.4%; 6.3% | −52.6%; 3.4% | −43.8%; 2.2% | −38.7%; 1.5% |
G3 | −65.68%; 4.96% | −69.48%; 4.85% | −68.30%; 1.96% | −53.94%; 0.87% | −43.97%; 0.61% |
GO1 | −45.71%; 10.57% | −56.10%; 8.99% | −55.52%; 6.09% | −48.69%; 3.37% | −42.13%; 1.33% |
GO2 | −77.3%; 12.9% | −90.0%; 6.3% | −76.2%; 3.3% | −60.2%; 0.6% | −48.5%; 0.3% |
GO3 | −110.66%; 2.40% | −102.33%; 1.71% | −82.16%; 0.81% | −60.25%; 0.57% | −48.41%; 0.20% |
rGO1 | −47.4%; 1.8% | −66.8%; 2.7% | −63.2%; 1.3% | −51.1%; 0.5% | −42.2%; 0.3% |
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Florêncio, L.; Luzardo, J.; Pojucan, M.; Cunha, V.; Silva, A.; Valaski, R.; Araujo, J. Prototyping and Evaluation of Graphene-Based Piezoresistive Sensors. Electron. Mater. 2022, 3, 218-226. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronicmat3030018
Florêncio L, Luzardo J, Pojucan M, Cunha V, Silva A, Valaski R, Araujo J. Prototyping and Evaluation of Graphene-Based Piezoresistive Sensors. Electronic Materials. 2022; 3(3):218-226. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronicmat3030018
Chicago/Turabian StyleFlorêncio, Lucas, Jéssica Luzardo, Marcelo Pojucan, Victor Cunha, Alexander Silva, Rogério Valaski, and Joyce Araujo. 2022. "Prototyping and Evaluation of Graphene-Based Piezoresistive Sensors" Electronic Materials 3, no. 3: 218-226. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronicmat3030018