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Allergies, Volume 5, Issue 4 (December 2025) – 1 article

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Review
Pruritus in Autoimmune Demyelinating Diseases of the Central Nervous System: A Review
by Christian Messina and Mariateresa Zuccarello
Allergies 2025, 5(4), 32; https://doi.org/10.3390/allergies5040032 - 23 Sep 2025
Abstract
Pruritus (itching) is an underrecognized but often debilitating symptom in patients with central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). It is often considered a paroxysmal symptom. Although less studied than pain or spasticity, pruritus [...] Read more.
Pruritus (itching) is an underrecognized but often debilitating symptom in patients with central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). It is often considered a paroxysmal symptom. Although less studied than pain or spasticity, pruritus can significantly impair the quality of life. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying pruritus in demyelinating CNS disorders, its clinical presentations, and the available treatment options. We explore the central origins of neuropathic itch, focusing on spinal cord, brainstem, and cerebral lesions, with particular emphasis on white matter involvement and spinothalamic tract dysfunction. In addition, we review pruritus triggered or exacerbated by disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) used in MS and NMOSD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Section Dermatology)
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