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Magnetochemistry
Volume 7
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10.3390/magnetochemistry7040051
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Article

Magneto-Erythrocyte Membrane Vesicles’ Superior T2 MRI Contrast Agents to Magneto-Liposomes

by
Nina Kostevšek
1,*,
Patricija Miklavc
1,2,
Matic Kisovec
3,
Marjetka Podobnik
3,
Wafa Al-Jamal
4 and
Igor Serša
5
1
Department for Nanostructured Materials, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
2
Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
3
Department of Molecular Biology and Nanobiotechnology, National Institute of Chemistry, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
4
School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK
5
Condensed Matter Physics Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Magnetochemistry 2021, 7(4), 51; https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7040051
Submission received: 26 March 2021 / Revised: 2 April 2021 / Accepted: 8 April 2021 / Published: 11 April 2021
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomedical Application of Magnetic Nanoparticles in 2022)
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Abstract

Despite their high potential, most of the clinically approved iron oxide (IO)-based contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) have been withdrawn from the market either due to safety issues or lack of sales. To address this challenge, erythrocyte membranes have been used to prepare IO-based T2 contrast agents with superior MRI properties and higher safety margin. A simple formulation procedure has been proposed, and the nanostructures’ morphology and physicochemical properties have been evaluated. We compared their performance in terms of contrast ability in MRI to the more clinically established magneto-liposomes and non-encapsulated nanoparticles (NPs). The encapsulation of 5-nm iron oxide nanoparticles (IO NPs) in the liposomes and erythrocyte membrane vesicles (EMVs) led to a significant improvement in their r2 relaxivity. r2 values increased to r2 = 188 ± 2 mM−1s−1 for magneto-liposomes and r2 = 269 ± 3 mM−1s−1 for magneto-erythrocyte membranes, compared to “free” IO NPs with (r2 = 12 ± 1 mM−1 s−1), measured at a 9.4 T MRI scanner. The superiority of magneto-erythrocyte membranes in terms of MRI contrast efficacy is clearly shown on T2-weighted MR images. Our study revealed the hemocompatibility of the developed contrast agents in the MRI-relevant concentration range.
Keywords: magnetic resonance imaging; contrast agents; liposomes; erythrocyte membranes; iron oxide nanoparticles magnetic resonance imaging; contrast agents; liposomes; erythrocyte membranes; iron oxide nanoparticles

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MDPI and ACS Style

Kostevšek, N.; Miklavc, P.; Kisovec, M.; Podobnik, M.; Al-Jamal, W.; Serša, I. Magneto-Erythrocyte Membrane Vesicles’ Superior T2 MRI Contrast Agents to Magneto-Liposomes. Magnetochemistry 2021, 7, 51. https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7040051

AMA Style

Kostevšek N, Miklavc P, Kisovec M, Podobnik M, Al-Jamal W, Serša I. Magneto-Erythrocyte Membrane Vesicles’ Superior T2 MRI Contrast Agents to Magneto-Liposomes. Magnetochemistry. 2021; 7(4):51. https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7040051

Chicago/Turabian Style

Kostevšek, Nina, Patricija Miklavc, Matic Kisovec, Marjetka Podobnik, Wafa Al-Jamal, and Igor Serša. 2021. "Magneto-Erythrocyte Membrane Vesicles’ Superior T2 MRI Contrast Agents to Magneto-Liposomes" Magnetochemistry 7, no. 4: 51. https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7040051

APA Style

Kostevšek, N., Miklavc, P., Kisovec, M., Podobnik, M., Al-Jamal, W., & Serša, I. (2021). Magneto-Erythrocyte Membrane Vesicles’ Superior T2 MRI Contrast Agents to Magneto-Liposomes. Magnetochemistry, 7(4), 51. https://doi.org/10.3390/magnetochemistry7040051

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